研究目的
To synthesize ZnO and ZnO-ZrO2 composite nanoparticles using an ultrasonic assisted wet chemical method and investigate their structural, optical, and humidity sensing properties.
研究成果
ZnO and ZnO-ZrO2 composite nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, with confirmed phase purity and structural changes. The composites showed altered optical properties and enhanced humidity sensing performance, particularly sample P3 with optimal ZrO2 concentration, demonstrating high sensitivity and fast response/recovery times, making them suitable for humidity sensor applications.
研究不足
The study may have limitations in scalability of the synthesis method, potential variability in nanoparticle size and morphology, and the specific environmental conditions (e.g., room temperature) for humidity sensing that might not cover all practical applications. Optimization could be needed for industrial-scale production and broader humidity ranges.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed an ultrasonic assisted wet chemical method for synthesis, with annealing to reduce defects. Characterization techniques included XRD, SEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and EDS. Humidity sensing was performed using resistance measurements.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included pure ZnO (P1) and ZnO-ZrO2 composites with varying ZrO2 concentrations (P2, P3, P4). Precursors were analytical grade chemicals, and double distilled water was used as solvent.
3：4). Precursors were analytical grade chemicals, and double distilled water was used as solvent. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Ultrasonic bath (MT 2150 x 135 x 100 mm, capacity-2 Ltrs, 60 Watts, ~35 KHz), BRUKER D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffractometer, JEOL JSM-6400 SEM, JASCO V-770ST UV/VIS/NIR spectrophotometer, KEITHLEY 2000 multimeter, humidity meter (MEXTECH, model number M288CTHW), hydraulic press, IR lamp, and chemicals like ZnSO4·5H2O, NaOH, ZrO
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis involved dropwise addition of NaOH to ZnSO4 solution under ultrasonication at 55°C, centrifugation, drying under IR lamp, annealing at 400°C. Composites were made by adding ZrO2. Characterization involved XRD for structure, SEM for morphology, UV-Vis for optical properties, EDS for elemental analysis, and humidity sensing by measuring resistance changes with RH.
5：Characterization involved XRD for structure, SEM for morphology, UV-Vis for optical properties, EDS for elemental analysis, and humidity sensing by measuring resistance changes with RH. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: XRD data analyzed using Williamson-Hall method for crystallite size and strain. Optical band gap determined from UV-Vis spectra. Sensitivity calculated as (RD - RRH)/RD * 100%, with response and recovery times measured from resistance-time plots.
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X-ray Diffractometer
D8 ADVANCE
BRUKER
Used for X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm phase formation and structure of the nanoparticles.
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Scanning Electron Microscope
JSM-6400
JEOL
Used for obtaining SEM images to analyze surface morphology of the nanoparticles.
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UV/VIS/NIR Spectrophotometer
V-770ST
JASCO
Used for recording optical absorption spectra in the wavelength range of 200 to 800 nm.
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Multimeter
2000
KEITHLEY
Used to measure resistance of samples for humidity sensing characterization.
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Ultrasonic Bath
MT 2150 x 135 x 100 mm
Used for ultrasonication during the synthesis of nanoparticles to assist in the chemical reaction and modify properties.
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Humidity Meter
M288CTHW
MEXTECH
Used to measure and control relative humidity during sensing experiments.
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Hydraulic Press
Used to press samples into cylindrical pellets for humidity sensing measurements.
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IR Lamp
Used for drying the synthesized nanoparticles under infrared illumination.
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