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Investigating native state fluorescence emission of Immunoglobulin G using polarized Excitation Emission Matrix (pEEM) spectroscopy and PARAFAC

DOI:10.1016/j.chemolab.2018.12.007 期刊:Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 出版年份:2019 更新时间:2025-11-14 15:32:45
摘要: Intrinsic ?uorescence spectroscopy (IFS) measurements for protein structural analysis can be enhanced by the use of anisotropy resolved multidimensional emission spectroscopy (ARMES). ARMES attempts to overcome the tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) spectral overlap problem and resolve emitting components by combining anisotropy measurements with chemometric analysis. Here we investigate for the ?rst time the application of polarized excitation-emission matrix (pEEM) measurements and Parallel Factor (PARAFAC) analysis to study IFS from an Immunoglobulin G (IgG) type protein, rabbit IgG (rIgG), in its native state. Protein IFS is a non-trilinear system primarily because of F€orster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Non-trilinearity is also caused by inner ?lter effects, and Rayleigh/Raman scattering, both of which can be corrected by data pre-processing. However, IFS FRET cannot be corrected for, and thus here we carefully evaluated the impact of various different data pre-processing methods on IFS data which used for PARAFAC. Care must be taken with data pre-processing and interpolation, as both had an impact on PARAFAC modelling and the recovered anisotropy values, with residual shot noise from the Rayleigh scatter which overlapped the emission blue edge being the root cause. pEEM spectra from thawed rIgG solutions (15–35 (cid:1)C temperature range) were collected with an expectation being that this temperature range should cause suf?cient emission variation to facilitate component resolution but without major structural changes. However, the only signi?cant changes observed were of the overall intensity due to thermal motion induced quenching and this was con?rmed by the PARAFAC scores. PARAFAC resolved one major component (>99%) for the emission data (polarized and unpolarized) which mostly represented the large Tyr-to-Trp hetero-FRET process, with a second, very weak component (<1%) apparently a contribution from directly excited Trp emission. PARAFAC scores recovered from normalized pEEM data showed minimal change which was further proof for negligible structural change. The results of this study serves as the starting point for the use of PARAFAC analysis of IFS from IgG type proteins and important processes such as denaturation and aggregation.
作者: Marina Steiner-Browne,Saioa Elcoroaristizabal,Yannick Casamayou-Boucau,Alan G. Ryder
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To investigate the application of polarized excitation-emission matrix (pEEM) measurements and Parallel Factor (PARAFAC) analysis to study intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy (IFS) from rabbit Immunoglobulin G (rIgG) in its native state, focusing on overcoming spectral overlap and resolving emitting components using anisotropy and chemometric methods.

PARAFAC resolved one major component representing hetero-FRET from Tyr to Trp and a minor component from directly excited Trp emission. Minimal structural changes were observed over the temperature range, with fluorescence changes primarily due to thermal quenching. The study establishes a baseline for future investigations of IgG denaturation and aggregation using ARMES and PARAFAC.

The study is limited by the non-trilinearity of protein IFS due to FRET, which cannot be fully corrected. Residual noise from Rayleigh scatter affects anisotropy values and PARAFAC modeling. The temperature range induced minimal structural changes, limiting component resolution. The use of interpolation may introduce distortions, and the high number of fluorophores in IgG complicates spectral discrimination.

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