研究目的
To investigate the application of polarized excitation-emission matrix (pEEM) measurements and Parallel Factor (PARAFAC) analysis to study intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy (IFS) from rabbit Immunoglobulin G (rIgG) in its native state, focusing on overcoming spectral overlap and resolving emitting components using anisotropy and chemometric methods.
研究成果
PARAFAC resolved one major component representing hetero-FRET from Tyr to Trp and a minor component from directly excited Trp emission. Minimal structural changes were observed over the temperature range, with fluorescence changes primarily due to thermal quenching. The study establishes a baseline for future investigations of IgG denaturation and aggregation using ARMES and PARAFAC.
研究不足
The study is limited by the non-trilinearity of protein IFS due to FRET, which cannot be fully corrected. Residual noise from Rayleigh scatter affects anisotropy values and PARAFAC modeling. The temperature range induced minimal structural changes, limiting component resolution. The use of interpolation may introduce distortions, and the high number of fluorophores in IgG complicates spectral discrimination.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used polarized excitation-emission matrix (pEEM) spectroscopy combined with PARAFAC analysis to resolve fluorescence components in rIgG. Data pre-processing methods were evaluated to correct for inner filter effects, Rayleigh and Raman scattering, and interpolation was applied to remove noise.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Rabbit IgG from serum was used, prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 6.5. Triplicate solutions were prepared, filtered, and stored frozen before measurement.
3:Triplicate solutions were prepared, filtered, and stored frozen before measurement. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included a Cary 60 UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Cary Eclipse fluorimeter with dual wire grid polarizers, temperature-regulated multi-cell holder, and quartz cuvettes. Materials included rabbit IgG, PBS buffer components, and filters.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
pEEM spectra were collected over a temperature range of 15–35°C with four polarizer settings. Data were pre-processed using sequences involving blank subtraction, scatter removal, inner filter effect correction, interpolation, and smoothing.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
PARAFAC analysis was performed using PLS_Toolbox and MATLAB. Methods included normalization, non-negative constraints, and validation via split-half analysis and CONCORDIA test.
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Cary 60
Cary 60
Agilent
UV-Vis absorbance spectra collection
Cary 60 UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
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Cary Eclipse
Cary Eclipse
Agilent
Fluorimeter for EEM and ARMES measurements
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Polyethersulfone Filters
Captiva Premium Syringe filters
Agilent
Membrane filtration of samples
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Wire Grid Polarizers
Bespoke dual wire grid polarizers
Polarization of light for anisotropy measurements
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Temperature-Regulated Multi-Cell Holder
Temperature control during measurements
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Quartz Cuvettes
10 x 2 mm pathlength
Lightpath Optical
Holding samples for spectroscopic measurements
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Lobind Tubes
1.5 mL
Eppendorf
Storage of sample aliquots
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PLS_Toolbox
ver. 8.2.1
Eigenvector Research Inc.
Chemometric data analysis
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MATLAB
ver. 9.1.0
The Mathworks Inc.
Data analysis and programming
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FluorS
In-house written program for fluorescence data analysis
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