研究目的
To develop a high-efficiency solar-thermal conversion material using Ag nanoparticles modified carbon cloth for seawater desalination and sewage disposal, addressing low conversion efficiency issues in existing solar absorber materials.
研究成果
The ANCC composite achieves high solar-thermal conversion efficiency (~92.82%) and effective desalination, with ion concentrations below drinking water standards. It demonstrates excellent recyclability and stability, offering a practical solution for freshwater production in water-scarce regions. Future work should explore cost-effective materials and optimize for varying environmental conditions.
研究不足
The study is limited by the use of noble metal Ag, which may be costly for large-scale applications; alternative low-cost metals like Al are suggested. High Ag loading above 5 wt% causes the carbon cloth to sink, limiting maximum efficiency. Efficiency decreases at higher solar intensities due to energy losses.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves synthesizing Ag nanoparticles modified floating carbon cloth (ANCC) via wet-impregnation, photoreduction, and low-temperature drying to enhance solar-thermal conversion. Theoretical models include surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects for heat localization.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Commercial hydrophobic carbon cloth is used as the substrate. Simulated seawater and Songhua River water samples are employed for desalination tests. Data on ion concentrations are measured using ICP-OES.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes UV-lamp (300 W) for photoreduction, infrared thermometer, IR camera, electronic balance for mass measurement, and ICP-OES for ion analysis. Materials include ethanol, AgNO3, carbon cloth, and deionized water.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Carbon cloth is cleaned and treated with AgNO3 solution, followed by ultrasonication and UV irradiation for photoreduction. The ANCC is dried and cut into shapes. Solar-thermal conversion tests are conducted under controlled illumination (e.g., 1 sun intensity), with evaporation rates and temperatures monitored over time.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Evaporation rates are calculated from mass loss measurements. Solar-thermal conversion efficiency is computed using provided equations. Statistical analysis includes average values from repeated measurements, and optical absorption spectra are analyzed for water purity.
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