1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study uses a theoretical model based on Finite Element Method (FEM) and Perfectly Matched Layers (PML) boundary conditions to calculate effective indices of electromagnetic modes. Coupled-mode theory is employed to analyze mode coupling between core and defect modes. The PCF is designed with specific air-holes filled with magnetic fluids (MF) to form defective channels for sensing.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

The PCF structure is simulated with optimized parameters (e.g., photonic lattice period, air-hole diameters). Magnetic fluids with known refractive index-temperature sensitivity are used for infiltration.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Optical broadband source (BBS), polarization controller (PC), optical spectrum analyzer (OSA), steel beam for bending, masses for straightening, syringe for liquid filling, UV-harden glue, UV lamp, microscope, multi-axial stage. Materials include pure silica for PCF background and MF material.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

The PCF is fabricated using a multi-step 'stack-and-draw' method and precise infiltration with a two-step filling technique (blocking holes with UV glue and filling open holes with MF). The experimental setup involves bending the PCF along a steel beam, controlling polarization, and measuring spectral responses with OSA to observe loss peaks.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Confinement loss is calculated using derived equations. Sensitivity is analyzed through wavelength shifts of loss peaks. Multi-parameter discrimination uses a coefficient matrix to separate bend-curvature, bend-direction, and temperature effects.