研究目的
Investigating the photoelectrochemical enhancement from the deposition of BiVO4 photosensitizer on TiO2 photoanodes of varying thicknesses for water splitting applications.
研究成果
The heterojunction of TiO2/BiVO4 significantly enhances photoelectrochemical performance for water splitting, with the thinnest TiO2 layer showing the highest photocurrent and lowest charge recombination. This demonstrates potential for efficient photoelectrode development, but further improvements in efficiency and stability are needed for practical applications.
研究不足
The study is limited to spin coating fabrication method and specific thickness variations of TiO2; other deposition techniques or material combinations were not explored. The photocurrent values are relatively low, and scalability or long-term stability in practical applications may need further investigation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used a spin coating method to fabricate TiO2 thin films on FTO substrates with different concentrations (5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml in ethanol) to vary thickness, followed by deposition of BiVO4 using a spin coating procedure. Characterization included XRD, XPS, FESEM, UV-Vis absorption, Mott-Schottky analysis, photoluminescence, and photoelectrochemical tests.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide (FTO) substrates were used. TiO2 films were prepared with commercial paste (18 NR-T, Dyesol) at different concentrations. BiVO4 was deposited on TiO2 films.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes potentiostat/galvanostat (Autolab PGSTAT 204), XRD (Bruker D8 Advance), FESEM (Supra VP 55), XPS (Kratos Axis Ultra DLD), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer Lambda 950), surface profilometer (Bruker DektakXT), photoluminescence spectrometer (PL Edinburgh Instruments), xenon lamp solar simulator. Materials include FTO TEC 8, TiO2 paste, bismuth(III) acetate, vanadium(V) oxytrisopropoxide, acetic acid, methoxyethanol, ethanol, deionized water, acetone, nitrogen gas, Na2SO4 electrolyte, Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
FTO substrates were cleaned ultrasonically. TiO2 suspensions were spin-coated at 2500 rpm and annealed at 500°C. BiVO4 precursor solution was spin-coated on TiO2 at 2000 rpm, pre-heated, and calcined at 460°C. Photoelectrochemical tests were conducted with three-electrode configuration, linear sweep voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and stability tests under light illumination.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data analysis involved Tauc plot for band gap calculation, Mott-Schottky equation for flat-band potential, EIS for charge transfer resistance, and transient time calculation for charge recombination analysis.
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Potentiostat/Galvanostat
PGSTAT 204
Autolab
Used for electrochemical characterization including linear sweep voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy.
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XRD
D8 Advance
Bruker
Used for X-ray diffraction analysis to determine crystallinity of samples.
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XPS
Axis Ultra DLD
Kratos
Used for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine surface composition and binding energy.
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UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
Lambda 950
Perkin Elmer
Used for optical absorption analysis.
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Surface Profilometer
DektakXT
Bruker
Used to measure the thickness of thin films.
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FTO
TEC 8
Pilkington
Used as the substrate for depositing TiO2 and BiVO4 thin films in photoelectrochemical cells.
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TiO2 paste
18 NR-T
Dyesol
Commercial paste used to fabricate TiO2 thin films via spin coating.
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FESEM
Supra VP 55
Used for field emission scanning electron microscopy to analyze surface morphology.
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Photoluminescence Spectrometer
Edinburgh Instruments
Used to measure radiative recombination of samples.
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Xenon Lamp
Used as a solar light simulator for photoelectrochemical tests.
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