研究目的
To develop integrated micro/nanomotors with controllable collective motions driven by near-infrared light for applications in remotely controlled smart devices and soft robotics.
研究成果
The AuHMA film enables versatile, reversible, and programmable motions driven by NIR light, demonstrating potential for advanced actuating devices in smart systems and soft robotics. Future work could integrate with other smart materials for enhanced functionality.
研究不足
The motion is dependent on NIR light intensity and liquid properties; performance may vary with environmental conditions. Fabrication requires precise control and may not be scalable for all applications.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employs colloidal lithography to fabricate gold hollow microcone array (AuHMA) films. Plasmonic heating from NIR irradiation is used to generate vapor bubbles and induce motions. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations are conducted to analyze optical properties.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples include AuHMA films with various shapes (square, rectangular, cross-shaped) fabricated on silicon substrates. Liquids used include ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone, and chloroform.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Polystyrene microspheres (5 μm), silicon wafers, photoresist (AZ4620), gold (99.99%), ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone, chloroform, field-emission scanning electron microscope (Sigma, Carl Zeiss), digital camera (Canon EOS Kiss X4), optical microscope (Nikon Ni-U), fiber optic spectrometer (HR 2000+, Ocean Optics), infrared thermometer (NEC R300SR), NIR laser (808 nm, 5 W, Nanjing Laichuang Laser Technology Co., Ltd.), ICP-RIE DSE200S system.
4：99%), ethanol, dichloromethane, acetone, chloroform, field-emission scanning electron microscope (Sigma, Carl Zeiss), digital camera (Canon EOS Kiss X4), optical microscope (Nikon Ni-U), fiber optic spectrometer (HR 2000+, Ocean Optics), infrared thermometer (NEC R300SR), NIR laser (808 nm, 5 W, Nanjing Laichuang Laser Technology Co., Ltd.), ICP-RIE DSE200S system. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Fabrication involves spin-coating photoresist, depositing PS microspheres, reactive ion etching, gold sputtering, and releasing the AuHMA film. Motion experiments involve placing AuHMA films in liquids and irradiating with NIR laser at specific positions to observe motions.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Reflection spectra are recorded, FDTD simulations analyze electric field distribution, infrared thermal images map temperature changes, and motion behaviors are recorded and analyzed from videos.
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Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope
Sigma
Carl Zeiss
Characterization of morphology and structure of fabricated films.
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Digital Camera
EOS Kiss X4
Canon
Recording photographs and motion videos of AuHMA films.
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Fiber Optic Spectrometer
HR 2000+
Ocean Optics
Recording reflection spectra of AuHMA film.
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Polystyrene Microspheres
5 μm
Janus New Materials Co., Ltd. PCL
Used as a mask for etching in colloidal lithography to create microcone arrays.
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Photoresist
AZ4620
Spin-coated onto silicon substrate to form a film for microcone array fabrication.
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Optical Microscope
Nikon Ni-U
Nikon
Used in conjunction with spectrometer for reflection spectra recording.
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Infrared Thermometer
NEC R300SR
NEC
Recording infrared thermal images and temperature changes.
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NIR Laser
808 nm, 5 W
Nanjing Laichuang Laser Technology Co., Ltd.
Irradiation source for inducing plasmonic heating and motion in AuHMA films.
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ICP-RIE System
DSE200S
Reactive ion etching for fabricating microcone arrays.
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