1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study employed a Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the Cur-CS/Alg NP formulation. The PDT system combined Cur-CS/Alg NPs with blue LED light irradiation to suppress TNF-α-induced hyperproliferation of HaCaT cells. Methods included nanoparticle fabrication via emulsification and ionotropic gelation, characterization of nanoparticles, cell culture, induction of proliferation with TNF-α, cell treatment with curcumin or NPs, photo-irradiation, and assessment of cell viability using the MTT assay.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line was obtained from American Type Culture Collection. Curcumin was prepared and characterized from a previously published method. Nanoparticles were prepared using chitosan, sodium alginate, Tween? 80, and other chemicals.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included Nano-ZS Zeta-sizer (Malvern Instruments), UV-vis spectroscopy (Agilent Cary 60), microplate reader (CLARIOstar, BMG Labtech), fluorescence microscope (Nikon ECLIPSE TiU), and a custom-built blue LED illumination device. Materials included chitosan, sodium alginate, curcumin, Tween? 80, CaCl2, DMSO, DMEM, fetal bovine serum, penicillin-streptomycin, TNF-α, and MTT reagent.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Cur-CS/Alg NPs were fabricated by emulsifying curcumin in alginate solution with Tween? 80, followed by ionotropic gelation with CaCl2 and chitosan. Nanoparticles were characterized for size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity. HaCaT cells were cultured, induced with TNF-α, treated with free curcumin or Cur-CS/Alg NPs, and exposed to blue LED light (10 J/cm2). Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Cellular uptake was studied using fluorescence microscopy.

5：2). Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Cellular uptake was studied using fluorescence microscopy. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using Design-Expert? software for RSM. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc comparison, with significance at p < 0.05.