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Low-level laser therapy affects dentinogenesis and angiogenesis of in vitro 3D cultures of dentin-pulp complex
摘要： To investigate the effects of gallium-aluminum-arsenide (GaAlAs) diode laser low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on angiogenesis and dentinogenesis of the dentin-pulp complex in a human tooth slice-based in vitro model. Forty tooth slices were prepared from 31 human third molars. Slices were cultured at 37 °C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity and randomly assigned to one of the following groups: group I: no laser treatment, group II: 660-nm diode laser; energy density = 1 J/cm2, group III: 660-nm diode laser; energy density = 3 J/cm2, group IV: 810-nm diode laser; energy density = 1 J/cm2 and group V: 810-nm diode laser; energy density = 3 J/cm2. LLLT was applied on the third and fifth days of culture. After 7 days, tissues were retrieved for real-time RT-PCR analysis to investigate the expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, DSPP, DMP-1, and BSP in respect to controls. Lower energy density (1 J/cm2) with the 660 nm wavelength showed a statistically significant up-regulation of both angiogenic (VEGF: 15.3-folds and VEGFR2: 3.8-folds) and odontogenic genes (DSPP: 6.1-folds, DMP-1: 3-fold, and BSP: 6.7-folds). While the higher energy density (3 J/cm2) with the 810 nm wavelength resulted in statistically significant up-regulation of odontogenic genes (DSPP: 2.5-folds, DMP-1: 17.7-folds, and BSP: 7.1-folds), however, the angiogenic genes had variable results where VEGF was up-regulated while VEGFR2 was down-regulated. Low-level laser therapy could be a useful tool to promote angiogenesis and dentinogenesis of the dentin-pulp complex when parameters are optimized.
关键词： Low-level laser therapy,Dentinogenesis,Dentin-pulp complex,Angiogenesis,Tooth slice model
更新于2025-11-25 10:30:42
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Combined treatment of low‐level laser therapy and phloroglucinol for inhibition of fibrosis
摘要： Background and Objectives: Fibrosis is a highly prevalent disease, which is responsible for 45% of deaths through pathological effects in developed countries. Previous studies have reported that low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) can modulate fibrotic activity, but significant enhancement of therapeutic efficacy is still required for clinical translation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasible effect of LLLT combined with phloroglucinol (PHL) on the inhibition of fibrosis in vitro. Study Design/Materials and Methods: NIH/3T3 murine embryonic fibroblasts cells were cultured and transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) was treated for transition of fibroblasts. After TGF‐β1 treatment, LLLT and PHL were used, respectively, and in combination to suppress fibrosis. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide and BrdU assays were performed to estimate the cell viability and proliferation. To evaluate the expression of fibrotic markers, we used confocal immunofluorescence and western blot. Results: When compared with respectively treated groups, the group with the combined treatment of LLLT and PHL significantly reduced cell viability and proliferation. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the combined group minimized more α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and type I collagen than the other groups. Western blot analysis showed that the combined treatment had significant decreases in α‐SMA, TGF‐β1, and type I collagen. Conclusions: PHL‐assisted LLLT may be an effective treatment to inhibit fibrosis due to its additive effects. The combined treatment has a potential to be an alternative treatment for fibrosis.
关键词： low‐level laser therapy,phloroglucinol,combined therapy,fibrosis
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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Therapeutic Efficacy of Home-Use Photobiomodulation Devices: A Systematic Literature Review
摘要： Objective: Perform systematic literature review on photobiomodulation (PBM) devices used at home for nonesthetic applications. Background: Home-use PBM devices have been marketed for cosmetic and therapeutic purposes. This is the first systematic literature review for nonesthetic applications. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted for PBM devices self-applied at home at least thrice a week. Two independent reviewers screened the articles and extracted the data. Treatment dosage appropriateness was compared to the World Association for Laser Therapy (WALT) recommendations. The efficacy was evaluated according to the relevant primary end-point for the specific indication. Results: Eleven studies were suitable. Devices were applied for a range of indications, including pain, cognitive dysfunction, wound healing, diabetic macular edema, and postprocedural side effects, and were mostly based on near-infrared, pulsed light-emitting diodes with dosages within WALT recommendations. Regarding efficacy, studies reported mostly positive results. Conclusions: Home-use PBM devices appear to mediate effective, safe treatments in a variety of conditions that require frequent applications. Conclusive evaluation of their efficacy requires additional, randomized controlled studies.
关键词： low-level laser therapy,home use,over the counter,self-applied,photobiomodulation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Outcome of simultaneous thulium laser enucleation of bladder tumor and prostate in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor and benign prostatic hyperplasia: a matched-pair comparison with a long-term follow-up
摘要： Objective To access the surgical and oncological outcomes of simultaneous thulium laser enucleation of bladder tumor (ThuLEBT) and thulium laser enucleation of prostate (ThuLEP) in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor (NMIBC) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Patients and methods Between June 2009 and June 2017, 118 men with NMIBC who underwent simultaneous ThuLEBT and ThuLEP and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were matched with 118 patients who received ThuLEBT alone. Clinico-pathological parameters, surgical outcome data and oncological outcomes were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results The patients who underwent simultaneous ThuLEBT and ThuLEP experienced a longer length of operation time (70.4 vs. 25.5 min; p < 0.001), but there were no statistically significant differences in catheterization period, hospital stay and complication between the two groups. At a mean follow-up of 58.7 and 55.8 months in ThuLEBT/ThuLEP group and ThuLEBT group, no significant differences in overall recurrence rates, progression rates, recurrence in the bladder neck/prostatic fossa and mean elapsed time to recurrence were detected. The 5-year recurrence-free probability was 73.2% for ThuLEBT/ThuLEP and 69.2% for ThuLEBT (p = 0.361). Conclusions Our results indicate that simultaneous ThuLEBT and ThuLEP can be safely performed without increasing the surgical risk and the risk of tumor recurrence and progression in patients with NMIBC and BPH, and it may be preferred alternative for select patients.
关键词： Bladder tumor,Tumor recurrence,Benign prostatic hyperplasia,Laser therapy,Thulium laser enucleation of bladder tumor,Thulium laser enucleation of prostate
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Low Intensity Laser Influence on Orthodontic Movement: A Randomized Clinical and Radiographic Trial
摘要： Introduction: Finding a method to decrease orthodontic treatment time has been a concern for several authors. This study evaluated, clinically and radiographically, the influence of low-level laser therapy on the rate of orthodontic movement and dental tissue integrity. Methods: The sample included 11 individuals with class I malocclusion, requiring extraction of 4 first premolars. Gallium aluminum arsenide diode laser with a wavelength of 780 nm was used once a month during retraction mechanics, to irradiate the maxillary and mandibular canines on one side and compare them with the nonirradiated contralateral side, after spring activation, until canine retraction was completed. This was followed by movement measurement. Periapical radiographs were used to check for possible modifications in the supporting tissues and root surface of the displaced canines. Results: No differences in the rate of tooth movement were found between the irradiated and nonirradiated side on both dental arches. There was no resorption of the root and/or alveolar bone crest, maintaining the integrity of these tissues. Conclusions: Low-level laser therapy did not promote an increment on the rate of tooth movement and did not cause greater root and alveolar bone crest resorption than on the nonirradiated side with the used protocol.
关键词： diode laser,orthodontic tooth movement,Low-level laser therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy for treating Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
摘要： Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits and harms of low-level laser therapy for Achilles tendinopathy. Data sources: Search strategies were conducted (from inception to February 2020) in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Literatura Latino Americana em Ciências da Saúde e do Caribe (LILACS), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), SPORTDiscus, ClinicalTrials.gov, World Health Organization (WHO)-ICTRP and OpenGrey databases, to retrieve all randomized controlled trials that compared laser therapy with inactive/active interventions. Review methods: This study was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of bias table. Meta-analyses were performed on dependence of homogeneity, otherwise results were reported narratively. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: Four trials (119 participants) were analyzed. Laser therapy associated to eccentric exercises when compared to eccentric exercises and sham had very low to low certainty of evidence in pain and function assessment. Despite one trial favored laser therapy at two months (mean difference (MD) ?2.55, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) ?3.87 to ?1.23), the CIs did not include important differences between groups at 3 and 13 months. The function assessment showed an improvement favoring the placebo group at one month (MD 9.19, 95% CI ?16.16 to ?2.23) and non-significant difference between groups at 3 and 13 months. Adverse events were poorly reported but restricted to minor events related to the exercises. Conclusion: The certainty of evidence was low to very low, and the results are insufficient to support the routine use laser therapy for Achilles tendinopathy.
关键词： low-level laser therapy,review,evidence-based medicine,Achilles tendinopathy
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The effects of a clinically feasible application of low-level laser therapy on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: A triple-blind, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial
摘要： This split-mouth trial aimed to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the amount of maxillary canine distalization when applied every 4 weeks over 12 weeks. Methods: Twenty-two adolescents and young adults (15 female, 7 male; aged 13-25 years; n 5 22) requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions were recruited. After extractions and leveling-alignment, canines were retracted using closed-coil nickel-titanium springs delivering 150 g of force. LLLT was applied to 8 intraoral points on the buccal and palatal sides around the canine root for 10 seconds per point, on day 0, 28, and 56 with the control side receiving sham application. Alginate impressions were taken every 4 weeks on day 0, 28, 56, and 84. The amount of tooth movement, anchorage loss, and canine rotation were measured digitally. Randomization was through sequentially numbered, generated using www.randomisation.com and allocation concealment opaque, sealed envelopes. Participants, operator, and statistic assessor were blinded. Linear regression modeling accounting for clustering within each patient was used to identify differences between LLLT and control sides. Results: Twenty-one patients completed the study. The total amount of tooth movement was similar in the LLLT (2.55 6 0.73 mm) and control group (2.30 6 0.86 mm), whereas 0.25 mm (95% confidence interval, –0.21, 0.71 mm) of difference was insignificant (P 5 0.27). No significant differences were found for anchorage loss (P 5 0.22) or canine rotation (P 5 0.25). No harms were reported. Conclusions: Application of LLLT every 4 weeks did not result in differences in the amount of tooth movement, anchorage loss, and canine rotation during extraction space closure.
关键词： split-mouth trial,low-level laser therapy,maxillary canine distalization,orthodontic tooth movement
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
摘要： Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are considered one of the most aggressive and expensive complications of diabetes. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been highlighted as a potential modality of treatment to accelerate the healing of ulcers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of LLLT in the treatment of DFU and identify the LLLT application parameters recommended for the treatment of DFU over the past 10 years. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, BVS, PEDro, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL up to March 31, 2019. Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the effect of LLLT on the treatment of DFU were included. Thirteen RCTs with a total of 361 participants were included in this review. Three RCTs reported a reduction in the percentage size of the ulcers and were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis of the percentage size difference demonstrated a significant reduction in ulcer size in the LLLT group compared with controls (22.96 [95% confidence interval = 18.22-27.69; z = 9.51, P < .0001]). Treatment with 632.8 to 685 nm, 50 mW/cm2, 3 to 6 J/cm2, and irradiation for 30 to 80 seconds, 3 times weekly for a month is of benefit to patients with DFU. LLLT is effective and safe for the treatment of DFU. Additionally, well-designed, high-quality studies are needed to allow its ideal parameterization for clinical practice.
关键词： diabetic foot ulcer,meta-analysis,low-level laser therapy,systematic review
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A Protocol for Transcranial Photobiomodulation Therapy in Mice
摘要： Transcranial photobiomodulation is a potential innovative noninvasive therapeutic approach for improving brain bioenergetics, brain function in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, and memory enhancement in age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. We describe a laboratory protocol for transcranial photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in mice. Aged BALB/c mice (18 months old) are treated with a 660 nm laser transcranially, once daily for 2 weeks. Laser transmittance data shows that approximately 1% of the incident red light on the scalp reaches a 1 mm depth from the cortical surface, penetrating the dorsal hippocampus. Treatment outcomes are assessed by two methods: a Barnes maze test, which is a hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory task evaluation, and measuring hippocampal ATP levels, which is used as a bioenergetics index. The results from the Barnes task show an enhancement of the spatial memory in laser-treated aged mice when compared with age-matched controls. Biochemical analysis after laser treatment indicates increased hippocampal ATP levels. We postulate that the enhancement of memory performance is potentially due to an improvement in hippocampal energy metabolism induced by the red laser treatment. The observations in mice could be extended to other animal models since this protocol could potentially be adapted to other species frequently used in translational neuroscience, such as rabbit, cat, dog, or monkey. Transcranial photobiomodulation is a safe and cost-effective modality which may be a promising therapeutic approach in age-related cognitive impairment.
关键词： low-level laser therapy,optical properties,red light,hippocampus,mouse,aging,Transcranial photobiomodulation,learning,memory,Issue 141,Neuroscience
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Laser surgery in management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws: a meta-analysis
摘要： Purpose The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) treatment. Methods This study followed PRISMA standards, and an electronic search was performed on the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases. Eighty-nine articles were found. After reading the manuscripts, 15 articles remained for the review. Three of them were selected for meta-analysis. Results Female gender was predominant (72.5%), and mean age was 66.5 years. Follow-up varied between 3 and 80 months, and the most used bisphosphonate was zoledronic acid (71.6%). Stage II of MRONJ was the most prevalent (68.9%), and the mandible was the most affected site (64.5%). Qualitative data showed that treatment with laser surgery (Er:YAG) was most effective regarding complete healing of the lesion (90%) compared with other treatments. Meta-analysis data showed that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was more effective than medical treatment (P = 0.006), and surgical treatment was more effective than LLLT (P = 0.008). Conclusion Laser surgery was significantly superior to LLLT (p < 0.00001). Therefore, laser surgical therapy seems to be a great management strategy for MRONJ treatment from stage II. LLLT was shown to improve conservative management in earlier MRONJ stages.
关键词： Laser therapy,Medication-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw,Bisphosphonate,Low-level laser therapy
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57