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Effect of the zinc salt concentration on the ZnO thin films properties grown by MWCBD
摘要： Nanostructured ZnO thin films with different surface morphologies have been synthesized by the microwave assisted chemical bath deposition technique (MWCBD), adjusting the pH of the reaction solution between 9 and 11.14. Newest results are presented in this work supported by previous investigations. Morphology, structure and optical properties of the films have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and room temperature photoluminescence (PL) techniques. It has been observed that the zinc salt concentration and the pH of the reaction solution determines the reaction kinetics, affecting strongly the morphology of the final product. However, the rapid heating in microwave irradiation process facilitates the crystallization of the formed nano-/microstructures. Effects of composition and morphology of the grown nano-/microstructures on their photoluminescence (PL) behaviors have been discussed.
关键词： Optical properties,Microwave deposition,ZnO nanostructures,Morphology control
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Validation of a Terminally Amino Functionalized Tetra-Alkyl Sn(IV) Precursor in Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of SnO <sub/>2</sub> Thin Films: Study of Film Growth Characteristics, Optical, and Electrical Properties
摘要： Tin(IV) oxide is a promising semiconductor material with leading-edge properties toward chemical sensing and other applications. For the growth of its thin films, metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) routes are advantageous due to their excellent scalability and potential to tune processing temperatures by careful choice of the reactants. Herein, a new and highly efficient MOCVD process for the deposition of tin(IV) oxide thin films employing a terminally amino alkyl substituted tin(IV) tetra-alkyl compound is reported for the first time. The liquid precursor, tetrakis-[3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl] tin(IV), [Sn(DMP)4], is thermally characterized in terms of stability and vapor pressure, yielding highly pure, polycrystalline tin(IV) oxide thin films with tunable structural and morphological features in the presence of oxygen. Detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis reveals the presence of oxygen vacancies and high amounts of chemisorbed oxygen species. Based on these promising features, the MOCVD process is optimized toward downscaling the thickness of tin(IV) oxide films from 25 to 50 nm to study the impact of incipient surface morphological changes occurring after initial thin-film formation on the electrical properties as investigated by van der Pauw (vdP) resistivity measurements. Optical bandgaps of thin films with varying thicknesses are estimated using ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy.
关键词： composition,SnO2,morphology,MOCVD,resistivity
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC) - Santa Barbara, CA, USA (2018.6.24-2018.6.27)] 2018 76th Device Research Conference (DRC) - Exploring Silver Contact Morphologies in Printed Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors
摘要： Demand for ubiquitous and flexible electronics to facilitate the rapid growth of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technologies has driven the advancement of printed electronics for low-cost and high-throughput manufacturing. The carbon nanotube thin-film transistor (CNT-TFT) is one of the most promising options for printed electronics due to its mechanical flexibility, compatibility with low-temperature fabrication, and relatively high mobility [1]. Meanwhile, Ag nanoparticles remain the most widely used conductive material in printed inks due to their superb dispersion stability, high conductivity, and relatively low cost [2]. However, limited studies have explored the impact of different printed metallic contacts in CNT-TFTs [3], even though the contact interfaces are one of the leading factors limiting performance. In this work, the impact of Ag contact morphology is studied for the first time by fabricating hundreds of CNT-TFTs using an aerosol jet printer to systematically investigate three morphologies (nanoparticle (NP), nanoflake (NF), and nanowire (NW), as seen in Fig. 1) and their impact on device performance. Using what is learned from the contact morphology results, the first CNT-TFTs printed without removal of the substrate from the printer (full “print-in-place” additive devices) are also demonstrated.
关键词： printed electronics,aerosol jet printer,contact morphology,carbon nanotube thin-film transistor,Ag nanoparticles
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Observation of sperm-head vacuoles and sperm morphology under light microscope
摘要： Objective: The presence of sperm-head vacuoles has been suspected to be deleterious to the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART). It is difficult to accurately distinguish morphologically abnormal sperm with vacuoles under a light microscope. This study was performed to analyze the result of the observation of sperm-head vacuoles using Papanicolaou staining under a light microscope and whether the male partner’s age affects these vacuoles. Methods: Sperm morphology with vacuoles was evaluated using Papanicolaou staining and observed under a light microscope (400×) in 980 men. The normal morphology was divided into three categories (group A, <4% of normal morphology; group B, 4%–14% of normal morphology; and group C, >14% of normal morphology). The criteria for the sperm-head vacuoles were those given in the World Health Organization manual. For the analysis of the age factor, the participants were divided into the following groups: 26–30 years, 31–35 years, 36–40 years, 41–45 years, and 46–50 years. Results: The percentage of sperm-head vacuoles increased with normal sperm morphology (group A vs. groups B, C) (p<0.05). In the case of the age factor, a statistically significant difference was not observed across any of the age groups. Conclusion: A majority of the sperm-head vacuoles showed a statistically significant difference among normal morphology groups. Therefore, we should consider the probability of the percentage of sperm-head vacuoles not increasing with age but with abnormal sperm morphology. A further study is required to clarify the effect of the sperm-head vacuoles on ART outcomes.
关键词： Semen analysis,Sperm morphology,Sperm-head vacuole,Papanicolaou staining
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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GROWTH CHARACTERISTIC OF GZO FILM FABRICATED BY RF MAGNETRON SPUTTERING
摘要： This paper investigate the dependence of film thickness onto characteristic of Gallium doped Zinc Oxide (GZO). GZO films were deposited on a glass substrate by RF Magnetron Sputtering using GZO ceramic target with 99.99% purity. Thicknesses were altered by varying the deposition time from 10 min to 50 min meanwhile the sputtering power, argon flow and target distance were fixed in order to investigate the influence of film thickness to the growth characteristic, structural, optical properties and surface morphology of the films. Sputtering was performed with RF power of 100 watt and the argon flow was set at 10 sccm. GZO thin films on various thicknesses range from 130 nm to 460 nm were successfully deposited onto glass substrate with the crystallite grain size in range of 20.63 nm to 22.04 nm with the optical transmittance above 85 %.
关键词： RF sputtering,growth characteristic,GZO,optical properties,surface morphology,structural properties
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Synthesis and characterization of SDS assistant α-alumina structures and investigation of the effect of the calcination time on the morphology
摘要： In this paper, α-alumina structures were successfully prepared via hydrothermal synthesis supported with sodium dodecyl sulfonate anionic surfactant. The effect of the surfactant and the calcination time were investigated. The characterization of the samples calcinated at 1200 °C was performed using Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray Difraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Experimental results showed that pure α-Al2O3 structures were obtained with different morphologies.
关键词： Hydrothermal synthesis,Calcination,Morphology,Sodium dodecyl sulfonate,Alumina
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Optimal methods to fix fish sperm for optical microscopic observation: comparisons among different fixative solutions using sperms of copulatory and non-copulatory marine fishes
摘要： Sperm fixation in better conditions is a requisite for the examination of sperm morphology using optical microscopes. Here, we investigated the effects of different fixatives on sperm morphological characteristics in four marine fishes: copulatory sculpins Pseudoblennius marmoratus and Radulinopsis taranetzi, and non-copulatory sculpin Icelus mororanis and dragonet Repomucenus beniteguri. We found that a 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution is optimal for observing sperm morphology in these fishes. Furthermore, the low concentrations (2.5%) of formalin could be useful, but the solvent for diluting formalin should be changed depending on the species: seawater in copulatory and non-copulatory sculpins and isotonic solution in the non-copulatory dragonet.
关键词： Sperm morphology,Fixative,Optical microscope,Copulation,Fish
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Durable, Optically Transparent, Superhydrophobic Polymer Films
摘要： Transparent and superhydrophobic free-standing films would be useful for extending non-wetting properties to optical applications especially those exposed to flowing water. However two challenges, transparency and durability, have proven difficult to overcome. Although a high degree of surface roughness is essential to sustain droplets of water in the Cassie state, this same roughness can lead to significant scattering and loss of optical clarity. Reducing roughness to a length scale below ? the wavelength of light reduces scattering, but can result in loss of durability. In this paper we describe a novel and simple lamination approach for treating free-standing films to become superhydrophobic, with high transparency and durability, by partially embedding hydrophobic silica nanoparticles into the surface of a cyclic olefin polymer (COP) film. Partial embedding insures that the particles are firmly adhered while their nano-scale roughness is exposed, resulting in excellent superhydrophobicity (contact angles >160° and roll off angle <10°), high transparency (over 87% transmission at 500 nm) and durability under flowing water (>6 hours at volumetric flow rate of 70 liters·min-1). The effect of processing parameters including the particle coating thickness and lamination conditions on the optical properties, hydrophobicity as well as mechanical durability of films are systematically studied.
关键词： wetting,optical transmittance,surface morphology,Superhydrophobicity,durability,lamination
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Controllable and facile synthesis of CsPbBr3-Cs4PbBr6 perovskite composites in pure polar solvent
摘要： Here, we present a single atomic supersaturated recrystallization method to synthesize the green-emitting CsPbBr3-Cs4PbBr6 perovskite composites in solid state with the highest PLQY of 40.8% in pure polar solvent. The component, morphology, and optical properties of the microcrystals can be tuned by varying growth time, the content of ammonium bromide, and bromine source. The developed method provides a new route to large-scale synthesize high quality perovskite composites emitters for light-emitting diodes.
关键词： Morphology,Micropetals,Luminescent,Perovskite
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Change in the morphology of SnO<sub>2</sub> crystals synthesized by thermal evaporation of SnO<sub>2</sub> powder mixed with graphite in ambient air
摘要： The morphology of tin oxide (SnO2) crystals, which were formed by thermal evaporation of SnO2/graphite powder mixture, was changed with the ratio of graphite to SnO2 powder in the source material. The synthesis process was performed in air at atmospheric pressure and no catalysts and substrates were used, which makes the process very simple and low cost. At the low ratios of graphite to SnO2 powder in the source material, the SnO2 crystals had a spherical shape with nanometer dimensions. With increasing the ratio of graphite to SnO2 powder, the morphology of SnO2 crystals changed from particle to belt. The belt-shaped SnO2 crystals had the widths in the range of 1.2–3.1 μm and the lengths of several tens of micrometers. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that all the SnO2 crystals had a rutile tetragonal crystal structure. Visible emission band with the wavelength in the range of 400–600 nm was observed in the cathodoluminescence spectra of the SnO2 crystals.
关键词： Graphite,Mixing ratio,Air,Tin oxide,Thermal evaporation,Morphology variation
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36