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Particulars of Femtosecond Laser Modification of Antimony-Silicate Glass
摘要： The particulars of the effect of focused femtosecond laser pulses on antimony silicate glass with the composition 25Sb2O3–75SiO2 % (molar content) in thermal and athermal regimes were studied. It was found that in contrast to quartz, alkali silicate, and some borosilicate glasses the birefringence of the form characteristic for the formation of nanogratings does not arise in the laser-modified zones of the studied glass. Weak birefringence with slow axis parallel to the polarization plane of the writing laser beam, accompanied by precipitation of crystalline phases, seemingly including the cubic modification of Sb2O3, arises in the modified zones under irradiation by 106 pulses with energy > 100 nJ and repetition frequency 10 and 200 kHz.
关键词： senarmontite,Raman scattering spectroscopy,crystallization,antimony silicate glass,femtosecond laser modification
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Thermochromism from Ultrathin Colloidal Sb <sub/>2</sub> Se <sub/>3</sub> Nanowires Undergoing Reversible Growth and Dissolution in an Amine-Thiol Mixture
摘要： Thermochromism from Ultrathin Colloidal Sb2Se3 Nanowires Undergoing Reversible Growth and Dissolution in an Amine–Thiol Mixture. Liquid-based thermochromics can be incorporated into an arbitrarily shaped container and provide a visual map of the temperature changes within its volume. However, photochemical degradation, narrow temperature range of operation, and the need for stringent encapsulation processes are challenges that can limit their widespread use. Here, a unique solution-based thermochromic comprising ultrathin colloidal Sb2Se3 nanowires in an amine–thiol mixture is introduced. The nanowires undergo reversible growth and dissolution with repeated cycles of heating and cooling between 20 and 160 °C, exhibiting intense and contrasting color changes during these processes. Furthermore, the transition temperature in which a change in color first appears can be continuously tuned over a range larger than 100 °C by introducing controlled amounts of Sn2+. The colloidal nanowire dispersion in the amine–thiol mixture retains its thermochromic properties over hundreds of temperature cycles, continuous heating at 80 °C over months, and shelf life of up to 2 years in an open container under ambient conditions. To illustrate its utility as a robust liquid thermochromic, the nanowire solution is coated onto standard filter paper and its uses as a rewritable surface by thermal scribing, as well as an inexpensive means of visualizing the temperature distribution of an anisotropically heated block are demonstrated.
关键词： tin-doped antimony selenide,colloidal nanowires,thermochromic materials,liquid-based,reversible growth and dissolution
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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All Antimony Chalcogenide Tandem Solar Cell
摘要： We demonstrate a proof-of-concept tandem solar cell using Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 as top and bottom cell absorber materials. The band gaps of Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 are 1.74 and 1.22 eV, perfectly satisfying the requirement of tandem solar cells. The application of few-layer graphene enables high transmittance and excellent interfacial contact in the top sub-cell. By controlling the thickness of the top cell for maximizing the spectral application, the tandem device delivers a power conversion efficiency of the 7.93%, which outperforms the individually optimized top cell (5.58%) and bottom cell (6.50%). Mechanistical investigation shows that the tandem device is able to make up voltage loss in the sub-cells, which is a critical concern in the current antimony chalcogenide solar cells. This study provides an alternative approach to enhancing the energy conversion efficiency of antimony selenosulfide.
关键词： antimony sulfide,energy conversion,semi-transparent electrode,tandem solar cell,antimony selenide
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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A simple route for manufacture of photovoltaic devices based on chalcohalide nanowires
摘要： The one-dimensional nanostructures of antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) have received in last decade a great attention due to their outstanding photoferroelectric properties combined with narrow energy band gap beneficial for effective conversion of visible light into electric signal. This paper reports for the first time a simple and fast route for fabrication of photovoltaic devices based on SbSI nanowires. This method involves sonochemical synthesis of SbSI nanowires and spin-coating SbSI-polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite, on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. In order to promote efficient charge transfer titanium dioxide (TiO2) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) were applied as an electron and hole transporting layers, respectively. Proposed method can be realized at mild conditions and does not require any additional high temperature treatment in contrast to other methods known for fabrication of SbSI photovoltaic structures. Fabricated structures exhibited an average short-circuit current density of 1.84(20) μA/cm2 and open circuit voltage of 69(13) mV under a white light illumination with power density of 100 mW/cm2. SbSI nanowires as lead-free nanomaterials are promising for solar energy harvesting and an application in photodetectors, that can operate in self-powered mode.
关键词： Nanocomposite,Self-powered photodetectors,Nanowires,Polyacrylonitrile (PAN),Antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI),Photovoltaic devices
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Dimension-controlled Growth of Antimony-based Perovskite-like Halide for Lead-free and Semitransparent Photovoltaics
摘要： Antimony (Sb) has been identified as a promising candidate for replacing toxic lead (Pb) in perovskite materials because Sb-based perovskite-like halides exhibit not only intrinsic thermodynamic stability but also a unique set of intriguing optoelectronic characteristics. However, Sb-based perovskite-like halides still suffer from a poor film morphology and uncontrollable halide constituents, which result from the disorder of the growth process. Herein, we propose a simple strategy to facilitate heterogeneous nucleation and control the dimension transformation by introducing bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium (LiTFSI), which produces high-quality two-dimensional (2D) MA3Sb2I9-xClx films. As the spacer molecule among Sb-based pyramidal clusters, LiTFSI plays a role in forming a zero-dimensional (0D) intermediate phase and retarding crystallization. The slower dimension transformation well stabilizes the bandgap of perovskite-like films with a fixed Cl/I ratio (~7:2) and avoids random “x” values in MA3Sb2I9-xClx films prepared from the conventional method. Based on this method, Sb-based perovskite-like solar cells (PLSCs) achieve the highest recorded power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.34% and retain 90% of the initial PCE after being stored in ambient conditions for over 1400 h. More importantly, semitransparent Sb-based PLSCs with PCEs from 2.62% to 3.06% and average visible transparencies (AVTs) from 42% to 23% are successfully obtained, which indicates the great potential of the emerging Pb-free halide semiconductor for broad photovoltaic applications.
关键词： Perovskite-like halides,Photovoltaics,Lead-free,Antimony,Semitransparent solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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1D/3D Alloying Induced Phase Transition in Light Absorbers for Highly Efficient Sb <sub/>2</sub> Se <sub/>3</sub> Solar Cells
摘要： Simple binary inorganic antimony selenide (Sb2Se3) compound is attractive as a promising light absorber for low-cost and high-efficiency photovoltaic. The external quantum efficiencies of Sb2Se3 solar cells are now approaching the optical limit values, which are comparable with the traditional well-developed solar cells (such as Si, CuInGaSe2, CdTe, etc). However, the power conversion efficiency of the Sb2Se3 devices is constrained by the open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficit, due to the intrinsic high resistivity and low element-doping efficiency in such one-dimensional (1D) crystals. In this work, a highly conductive, 3D crystal-structure AgSbSe2 phase, formed by phase transition from low symmetry binary Sb2Se3, is introduced to control the doping density in the alloyed (Sb2Se3)x(AgSbSe2)1-x films by utilizing configurational entropy. Guided by this alloying concept, 1D-3D (Sb2Se3)x(AgSbSe2)1-x alloy films with tunable doping densities are obtained. As a consequence, a noticeable improvement in VOC by >18% is observed in solar cells based on (Sb2Se3)x(AgSbSe2)1-x alloy absorber layer, as compared to the reference cell with a pure Sb2Se3 absorber, leading to a high conversion efficiency of 7.8%. This alloying model provides a universal approach to control the photoelectrical properties for high-efficiency Sb2Se3-based solar cells.
关键词： thin film solar cells,light absorber,voltage deficit,antimony selenide,1D/3D alloying
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Air-Stable, Lead-Free Zero-Dimensional Mixed Bismuth-Antimony Perovskite Single Crystals with Ultrabroad Band Emission
摘要： Lead-free zero-dimensional (0D) organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites have recently attracted increasing attention for their excellent photoluminescence properties and chemical stability. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of an air-stable 0D mixed metal halide perovskite (C8NH12)4Bi0.57Sb0.43Br7.H2O, in which individual [BiBr6]3- and [SbBr6]3- octahedral units are completely isolated and surrounded by the large organic cation C8H12N+. Upon photoexcitation, the bulk crystals exhibit ultrabroad band emission ranging from 400 to 850 nm, which originates from both free excitons and self-trapped excitons. This is the first example of 0D perovskites with broadband emission spanning the entire visible spectrum. In addition, (C8NH12)4Bi0.57Sb0.43Br7.H2O exhibits excellent humidity and light stability. These findings present a new direction towards the design of environmentally-friendly, high-performance 0D perovskite light emitters.
关键词： lead-free,bismuth,antimony,photoluminescence,zero-dimensional perovskites
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Cation-tuned synthesis of the A <sub/>2</sub> SO <sub/>4</sub> ·SbF <sub/>3</sub> (A = Na <sup>+</sup> , NH <sub/>4</sub><sup>+</sup> , K <sup>+</sup> , Rb <sup>+</sup> ) family with nonlinear optical properties
摘要： Four antimony fluoride sulfates named A2SO4·SbF3 (A = Na+, NH4+, K+, Rb+) have been successfully synthesized using a hydrothermal method by introducing Sb3+ cations with a stereochemically active lone pair in sulfates and subsequently tuning the structure through the second monovalent cations. All of the title compounds are stoichiometrically equivalent materials which share a common structural motif composed of a distorted SO4 tetrahedron and an asymmetric SbF3 polyhedron. However, the macroscopic centricities of these four compounds are significantly influenced by the size and coordination environment of cations; Na2SO4·SbF3 crystallizes in centrosymmetric space groups Cmca and (NH4)2SO4·SbF3 in Pbca, while K2SO4·SbF3 and Rb2SO4·SbF3 crystallizes in noncentrosymmetric space group P212121. Complete characterization including thermal analyses, infrared and UV-vis spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations is also reported. Powder second harmonic generation measurement for noncentrosymmetric K2SO4·SbF3 and Rb2SO4·SbF3 indicated that both of them are type I phase-matchable.
关键词： hydrothermal synthesis,cation tuning,nonlinear optical materials,antimony fluoride sulfates,second harmonic generation
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Pulsed laser deposition of antimony selenosulfide thin film for efficient solar cells
摘要： Antimony selenosul?de, Sb2(SxSe1(cid:2)x)3, has been considered as a promising light harvesting material for low-cost, non-toxic, and stable solar cell applications. However, current preparation methods of Sb2(SxSe1(cid:2)x)3 suffer from low-quality ?lms, which hampers the performance improvement in Sb2(SxSe1(cid:2)x)3-based solar cells. Herein, we develop a pulsed laser deposition technique to fabricate antimony selenosul?de ?lms with ?at and compact surface morphology and high crystallinity. The composition of the as-obtained ?lms can be conveniently tuned via varying molar ratios of Sb2S3 and Se in targets. At optimized conditions, we fabricate planar heterojunction solar cells and then obtain a signi?cantly improved power conversion ef?ciency of 7.05%. Our research offers a facile and robust preparation method for Sb2(SxSe1(cid:2)x)3 ?lms with enhanced photovoltaic properties.
关键词： antimony selenosulfide,photovoltaic properties,thin film,pulsed laser deposition,solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Atomic layer deposition of amorphous antimony sulfide (a-Sb <sub/>2</sub> S <sub/>3</sub> ) as semiconductor sensitizer in extremely thin absorber solar cell
摘要： Atomic layer deposition of amorphous antimony sulfide (a-Sb2S3) is demonstrated with an alternating exposure of tris(dimethylamino) antimony (TDMASb) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) at 150 °C in a custom-built viscous flow reactor. Growth mechanism and deposition chemistry are investigated by in situ quartz crystal microbalance and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Reaction hypothesis facilitating the binary reaction is established by quantum mechanical density functional theory calculations that essentially support the experimental findings. The developed material is used as a photon harvester in solar cells under extremely thin absorber configuration, with TiO2 and Spiro-OMeTAD as electron and hole transporting layers, respectively. Investigation of charge injection properties with surface photovoltage spectroscopy reveals low but non-negligible density of interfacial (sensitizer/TiO2) electronic defects. The conventional viscous flow reactor configuration is modified to showerhead-type reactor configuration to achieve better uniformity and conformality of a-Sb2S3 on highly porous TiO2 scaffolds. a-Sb2S3 device performance is optimized to achieve the highest power conversion efficiencies of 0.5% while annealed crystalline c-Sb2S3 device reaches power conversion efficiencies of 1.9% under 1 sun illumination.
关键词： surface photovoltage spectroscopy,extremely thin absorber solar cell,quantum mechanical density functional theory,amorphous antimony sulfide,Atomic layer deposition
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59