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Specific Features of Obtaining of Metal Nanowires by Replication of Pores of Track Etched Membranes
摘要： Ensembles (massives) of metal nanowires (with diameters 50-200 nm) were obtained using method of template synthesis. Polymer track etched matrixes were used as template. Nanowires obtained were the replicas of the pores in these membranes. The problems of choosing of electrolyte and different regimes of electrodeposition were discussed. Different techniques of separation of obtained nanowires from growth polymer matrix were used- etching at elevated temperature, ultrasound and UV-treatment. The regimes of obtaining of layer Cu/Ni nanowires were investigated and the optimal voltages were found: 0.8 V for Cu-layer and 1.8 for Ni layer. It was also found that application of magnetic field accelerate the process of electrodeposition; moreover, application of SOUTH pole leads to formation of hollow Ni-layers. Using of “two-bath” method of electrodeposition found to be optimal for obtaining of two-parts wires. Such wires could be used for generation of THz irradiation.
关键词： electrodeposition,effect of magnetic field,track etched membranes,nanowires,matrix synthesis
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Electronic structures and optical gain of dilute nitride GaAs nanowires
摘要： The electronic structures and optical gain of GaAs1%xNx nanowires are calculated via the band anticrossing model together with the eight-band k & p theory. We ?nd that the optical gain spectra show an obvious red shift, and the gain increases slightly with increasing nitrogen content. The transverse magnetic (TM) gain is approximately 8.5 times larger than the transverse electric (TE) gain when the radius R is 3 nm, which indicates that GaAs1%xNx nanowires can be used as TM linearly polarized lasers in the near-infrared range. However, when R is 6 nm, the TM gain approaches the corresponding TE gain. In this case, GaAs1%xNx nanowires are not suitable for linearly polarized lasers.
关键词： optical gain,electronic structures,GaAs nanowires,dilute nitride,band anticrossing model,k & p theory
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology (EIT) - Rochester, MI, USA (2018.5.3-2018.5.5)] 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electro/Information Technology (EIT) - Electrochemical Phosphate Sensors Using Silver Nanowires Treated Screen Printed Electrodes
摘要： Essential biomolecules of the human body and plant growth depend upon the proper amount of phosphate ions. Phosphorus has critical values in both agricultural and biomedical applications. There is a need for inexpensive, portable, repeatable, highly sensitive and field deployable sensors with wide detection range to monitor the health of water system and to develop an electrochemical phosphate sensor using novel ammonium molybdate (AMT/AgNWs) modified screen printed electrode (SPE) for phosphate detection to achieve simplicity, high sensitivity, wide detection range, and high repeatability and portability. The cyclic voltammetry measurements exhibited the sensitivities of AMT modified SPE without and with AgNWs are 0.1 μA/μM and 0.71 μA/μM, respectively. The use of highly conductive AgNWs significantly increased the sensitivities of the AMT/SPE. Besides, AgNWs and AMT modified SPE (AMT/AgNWs/SPE) showed a very wide detection range of 5 μM -1 mM. Moreover, the proposed sensor demonstrated a good repeatability and recovery. Our work suggests that AMT/AgNWs/SPE is promising for simple, low-cost, and portable phosphate ion detection.
关键词： phosphate detection,ammonium molybdate,screen printed electrodes,electrochemical phosphate sensors,silver nanowires
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 19th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT) - Shanghai (2018.8.8-2018.8.11)] 2018 19th International Conference on Electronic Packaging Technology (ICEPT) - Micropyramid silicon wafer with ZnO nanowires as high efficiency piezoelectric nanogenerator
摘要： The piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) is an important landmark in the development nanotechnology. The PENG, conventing mechanical energy to electrical energy in nanoscale, relies on the coupling of piezoelectric and semiconducting properties of nanomaterials. This approach offers a potential solution for harvesting energy from the environment for self-powered nanotechnology. How to improve the conversion efficiency is still one of the most factors for current PENG. Here, based on the fundamental research of piezoelectric nanogenerators, we propose a simple, robust, and scalable approach for fabricating a nanowire nanogenerator in which, ZnO nanowires is grown on the micro-pyramid textured surface of the silicon wafer and then a nanogenerator is fabricated by simply combine two substrates with ZnO nanowires face-to-face. The proposed geometry allows the nanogenerator to collect multi-faceted mechanical energy. This pyramid structure of the ZnONWs nanogenerators can generate piezoelectric current with an average signal about 3nA when the device was drove by ultrasonic waves at 40 kHz.
关键词： pyramid Si,piezoelectric effect,ZnO nanowires,nanogenerator
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Beyond the molecular movie: Dynamics of bands and bonds during a photoinduced phase transition
摘要： Ultrafast nonequilibrium dynamics offer a route to study the microscopic interactions that govern macroscopic behavior. In particular, photoinduced phase transitions (PIPTs) in solids provide a test case for how forces, and the resulting atomic motion along a reaction coordinate, originate from a nonequilibrium population of excited electronic states. Using femtosecond photoemission, we obtain access to the transient electronic structure during an ultrafast PIPT in a model system: indium nanowires on a silicon(111) surface. We uncover a detailed reaction pathway, allowing a direct comparison with the dynamics predicted by ab initio simulations. This further reveals the crucial role played by localized photoholes in shaping the potential energy landscape and enables a combined momentum- and real-space description of PIPTs, including the ultrafast formation of chemical bonds.
关键词： Silicon surface,Photoinduced phase transitions,Chemical bonds,Electronic structure,Indium nanowires,Femtosecond photoemission,Ultrafast dynamics
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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PbS Nanowires-on-Paper Sensors for Room-Temperature Gas Detection
摘要： Paper-based gas sensors represent an emerging important class of devices in flexible electronics. Colloidal nanocrystals unite large surface-to-volume ratio with excellent solution processability, offering avenues to high-performance paper-based gas sensors. One of the factors limiting the performance of paper-based gas sensors is the sphere-like morphology of semiconductor nanocrystals, making it difficult to construct a stable sensing network to ensure efficient carrier transport and mechanical robustness. Here we demonstrated sensitive and flexible gas sensor via the spray-coating of PbS nanowires onto paper substrates at room temperature. The pencil-drawn graphite electrode was employed to simplify the sensor design and fabrication. Unlike the sphere-like PbS nanocrystals that usually assemble into compact thin-film solids, the PbS nanowires-on-paper sensor exhibits a porous network microstructure which not only offers efficient pathway for gas adsorption and diffusion, but possesses inherent flexibility for superior mechanical bendability. The response of the PbS nanowires-on-paper sensor toward 50 ppm of NO2 at room temperature was 17.5, with the response and recovery time being 3 s and 148 s respectively. The sensor shows only a slight decrease in response (6% of the initial value) and identical temporal response when subject to 500 bending and unbending cycles. The competitive adsorption of NO2 with O2 on PbS surfaces is proposed as the sensing mechanism accounts for the high sensitivity and good reversibility at room temperature. Our results highlight the significance of the solution-processable nanowires as the ideal building blocks for the flexible paper-based gas sensors.
关键词： Paper substrate,Nanowires,Lead sulfide,Gas sensor,Nitrogen dioxide
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The Elastic Property of Bulk Silicon Nanomaterials through an Atomic Simulation Method
摘要： This paper reports a systematic study on the elastic property of bulk silicon nanomaterials using the atomic finite element method. The Tersoff-Brenner potential is used to describe the interaction between silicon atoms, and the atomic finite element method is constructed in a computational scheme similar to the continuum finite element method. Young’s modulus and Poisson ratio are calculated for [100], [110], and [111] silicon nanowires that are treated as three-dimensional structures. It is found that the nanowire possesses the lowest Young’s modulus along the [100] direction, while the [110] nanowire has the highest value with the same radius. The bending deformation of [100] silicon nanowire is also modeled, and the bending stiffness is calculated.
关键词： atomic finite element method,silicon nanowires,Poisson ratio,elastic property,bending stiffness,Young’s modulus
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Flexible lateral-bridged ZnO nanowire UV sensor for focal-plane image sensor application
摘要： We report a large-format ?exible UV image-sensing array consisting of 32 ' 32 sensors based on lateral-bridged ZnO nanowires (NWs). Systematic investigations for the array have shown that 100% of the sensors showed a response with high uniformity (the nonuniformity of photocurrent was 44%) and high average light–dark current ratio (>1.1 ' 105), average responsivity (>923 A/W), and average detectivity (>2.5 ' 1014 Jones). The pixel size is 60 ' 125 μm2 and pixel pitch is 150 μm. The array also exhibited excellent ?exibility and electrical stability under the bending state. The results indicate that the sensor array o?ers exacting possibilities for fabricating ?exible UV focal-plane image sensors.
关键词： image sensing,focal-plane array,flexible UV sensor,ZnO nanowires
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Effect of stacking faults and surface roughness on the thermal conductivity of InAs nanowires
摘要： Low thermal conductivity and high power factor are desirable for thermoelectric materials. These properties can be achieved by patterning devices into nano-structures such as nanowires (NWs). The thermal conductivity can be further reduced by altering the NW geometry through the introduction of surface roughness (SR) or stacking faults (SFs). In this paper, relaxation times for scattering of phonons at SFs and SR are developed to accurately compute the impact of both effects on the thermal conductivity of InAs NWs with different diameters. It is found that similar reductions of the thermal conductivity can be obtained with SFs instead of SR. For the shortest possible distance between SFs along a NW, the room temperature thermal conductivity can be reduced to 25% compared to an ideal NW. For a NW with rough surface, a more than 80% decrease of the thermal conductivity is possible for specific roughness profiles. All available experimental data on the lattice thermal conductivity of InAs NWs confirm the theoretical models and simulation results.
关键词： surface roughness,thermal conductivity,phonon scattering,stacking faults,InAs nanowires
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Microwave Assisted Synthesis, Modification With Platinum And Photocatalytical Properties of TiO2 Nanofibers
摘要： In the present work formation of active TiO2 nanoparticles in microwave synthesis and their modification with platinum were studied. Anatase nanopowder and 10 M KOH solution were used as raw materials. Microwave assisted synthesis method permited to obtain TiO2 nanofibres and nanowires with a diameter of 10 nm and a specific surface area in the range of 70 – 150 m2/g. In order to modify TiO2 nanofibers with platinum it was stirred in H2PtCl6 solution under UV irradiation. Photocatalytic activity was determined by degradation of the methylene blue (MB) solution under UV and visible light irradiation. The obtained samples showed higher photocatalytic activity with respect to pure TiO2 nanofibers. The doped TiO2 nanofibers were appropriate for degradation of harmful organic compounds as well as for hydrogen production by water splitting.
关键词： platinum,nanowires,titania nanofibers,anatase,photocatalysis
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36