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Using a nanosecond laser to pattern copper nanowire-based flexible electrodes: From simulation to practical application
摘要： Copper nanowire (Cu NW) electrodes have shown promise for use in next-generation transparent conducting films due to their high electrical conductivity, low-cost solution-based synthesis processes, and high transmittance properties. Recently, the use of lasers for the modification of nanostructures has received considerable attention. Despite the advantages of laser machining such as producing any shape in an accurate, time-saving, non-contact process, the laser patterning of Cu NW electrodes has not been extensively studied, particularly the heat effect of the laser irradiation process on the flexible substrate. In this report, we present experimental and computational results of a selective and direct patterning process by using nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation. The experimental and simulation results were used to optimize the laser ablation parameters for the patterning process of the ultra-long Cu NW transparent electrodes so as to not damage the flexible substrates. Finally, a bifunctional flexible smart-window was fabricated to demonstrate a practical application of the laser-patterned Cu NW electrodes.
关键词： Copper nanowires,Laser patterning,Flexible substrate,Nanosecond pulsed laser,Flexible smart-window
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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The plasmonic nanoparticles with controlled optical properties
摘要： The gold and silver plasmon nanoparticles have been synthesized on the c-sapphire and p-silica substrates by the pulsed laser deposition method. It has been demonstrated that the variation of the thickness of as-grown gold and silver films permits producing the plasmon nanoparticles with different size and density. It provides the retuning of the frequency of surface plasmon resonance in wide spectral region.
关键词： optical properties,plasmonic nanoparticles,pulsed laser deposition,surface plasmon resonance
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Development of Combinatorial Pulsed Laser Deposition for Expedited Device Optimization in CdTe/CdS Thin-Film Solar Cells
摘要： A combinatorial pulsed laser deposition system was developed by integrating a computer controlled scanning sample stage in order to rapidly screen processing conditions relevant to CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells. Using this system, the thickness of the CdTe absorber layer is varied across a single sample from 1.5 ??m to 0.75 ??m. The effects of thickness on CdTe grain morphology, crystal orientation, and cell efficiency were investigated with respect to different postprocessing conditions. It is shown that the thinner CdTe layer of 0.75 ??m obtained the best power conversion efficiency up to 5.3%. The results of this work shows the importance that CdTe grain size/morphology relative to CdTe thickness has on device performance and quantitatively exhibits what those values should be to obtain efficient thin-film CdTe/CdS solar cells fabricated with pulsed laser deposition. Further development of this combinatorial approach could enable high-throughput exploration and optimization of CdTe/CdS solar cells.
关键词： combinatorial pulsed laser deposition,power conversion efficiency,grain morphology,CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells,device optimization,crystal orientation
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Ultra-wide-bandgap (ScGa)2O3 alloy thin films and related sensitive and fast responding solar-blind photodetectors
摘要： Although b-Ga2O3 is considered an excellent candidate for solar-blind photodetectors (PDs) owing to its direct bandgap (4.9 eV) and high stability, the cut-off wavelength often oversteps the DUV region, reducing the rejection ratio of the PD. Moreover, oxygen vacancies, which always appear in b-Ga2O3 ?lms, act as trap centers hindering carrier recombination and signi?cantly lowering response speed. To disentangle these issues, we propose in this work to modify b-Ga2O3 by incorporating Sc to form ternary (ScGa)2O3 alloys. Thanks to the wider bandgap of Sc2O3 (~5.7 eV) than Ga2O3 and stronger SceO bonding than GaeO, the (ScGa)2O3 alloy ?lms exhibit a wider bandgap (5.17 eV) with fewer oxygen vacancies compared with pure-Ga2O3, as expected, which eventually lead to an ultra-low dark current (0.08 pA at 10 V) and faster response times (trise: 41/149 ms; tdecay: 22/153 ms) of the alloy ?lm-based PDs. Furthermore, the peak and cut-off response wavelengths of the (ScGa)2O3 PD are blue shifted relative to the pure Ga2O3 PD, resulting in a higher rejection ratio (>500 vs ~317). The Sc-alloying strategy, taking advantage of wider bandgap of Sc2O3 and stronger SceO bonding to widen the bandgap while reducing the intrinsic carriers and oxygen vacancies in the (ScGa)2O3 alloy, is expected to be generally applicable to the design of other wide-bandgap oxide alloys for developing high-performance UV photodetectors with a low dark current and high response speed.
关键词： Ga2O3 thin ?lms,Pulsed laser deposition,Solar-blind photodetectors,Sc-alloying
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Pulsed laser ablation route assisted copper oxide nanoparticles doped in Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend for enhancement the electrical conductivity
摘要： Polyethylene Oxide/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend was doped by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuONPs) prepared by laser ablation process. Synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles were prepared by ablating pure copper plate immersed in DDW by nanosecond Nd:YAG laser in different times. PEO/PVP/CuONPs nanocomposites have been synthesized via casting technique. Effect of CuONPs doping on enhancing PEO/PVP have been obtained. The influence of various times of laser ablation on the properties of the synthesized nanocomposite films was analyzed via several techniques. SEM and XRD proved the interaction between PEO/PVP blend and CuONPs. The presence of the distinctive absorption peak at UV-Vis range at 277 nm was due to copper oxide surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The direct and indirect optical band gap values illustrate a decrease following doping of copper oxide inside PEO/PVP matrix. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss activity gradually diminished as the frequency rises. AC conductivity were increased as laser time increased.
关键词： Copper oxide nanoparticles,Pulsed laser ablation,Ac conductivity,PEO/PVP
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Preparation and Characterization of Metal-Organic Frameworks and its Composites Eu <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> @[Zn <sub/>2</sub> (bdc) <sub/>2</sub> dabco] (ZBDh) via Pulsed Laser Ablation in Flow Liquid
摘要： This work reports the compounds of [Zn2(bdc)2dabco] (ZBDh) and [Zn2(bdc)2dabco] (ZBDt) and the composite Eu2O3@[Zn2(bdc)2dabco](ZBDh) synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in flowing liquid. At an appropriate reactants concentration of reactants, the phase ZDBh transforms into phase ZDBt by an increase of the irradiation time from 4 to 40 mins. The results show that the Eu2O3 nanoparticles with an average size of 3.17 nm are uniformly distributed among the crystal and the BET specific surface area of the composite Eu2O3@[Zn2(bdc)2dabco] (ZBDh) is 1621 m2/g, which is larger than that of compound [Zn2(bdc)2dabco] (ZBDh). Moreover, the composite Eu2O3@[Zn2(bdc)2dabco](ZBDh) can emit very intense characteristic fluorescence at 613 nm of Eu3+ ion under ultraviolet radiation and can be used for detecting of methanol molecules in fluorescence sensing because of its fluorescence intensity at 613 nm is sensitive to the content of methanol in solvent.
关键词： pulsed laser ablation,metal-organic frameworks,Eu2O3 nanoparticles,fluorescence sensing,methanol detection
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Pulsed Laser Photopatterning of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Structures as Robust Solutiona??Processed Optical Gain Media
摘要： Solution-processed optical gain media such as thin films of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals promise ease of fabrication and scalable production while offering a spectrally wide range of emission colors. However, depositing such gain media in a size- and shape-specific manner at a precise location on a substrate can be highly challenging. In this work, a facile approach for fabricating solution-processed cesium lead halide perovskite structures of any arbitrary shape and size from their nanocrystal counterparts via a pulsed laser photopatterning process is demonstrated. The photopatterned structures resist solvation in both polar and nonpolar solvents, allowing for the straightforward removal of unpatterned regions. Their robustness is attributed to the ligand-removal, sintering, and photoannealing of the nanocrystals at the site of irradiation. Concomittantly, the photopatterning process results in lengthened Auger-dominated biexciton lifetimes and larger absorption cross-sections that permit relatively low amplified spontaneous emission thresholds. It is shown that the photopatterning process may be used to fabricate cesium lead halide based gain media capable of multiwavelength emission, orientation-dependent wavelength of emission, as well as functional operation while fully immersed in various solvents. It is envisioned that the photopatterning process may be extended to other perovskite systems to include applications beyond those requiring light-emission.
关键词： sintering,amplified spontaneous emission,pulsed laser photopatterning,colloidal perovskites,optical gain media
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Recent progress in high-performance photo-detectors enabled by the pulsed laser deposition technology
摘要： In the past decade, photo-detectors have been demonstrated to have very important applications in image sensing, optical communication, fire detection, environmental monitoring, space exploration, safety detection, and many other scientific research and industrial technology fields and are regarded as the key components of wearable devices. Compared to traditional fabrication approaches, pulsed-laser deposition (PLD)-grown materials for photo-detectors offer several merits. First, PLD is a clean physical vapor deposition approach. A stoichiometric amount of atoms can be transferred from the target to the substrate, avoiding complicated and potentially dangerous chemical reactions. Furthermore, the PLD process is carried out in a high-vacuum environment. Therefore, almost no contaminants, such as catalysts, precursors, surfactants and by-products, will be introduced. Also, the thickness of the films can be controlled by simply manipulating the energy and pulse number of the pulsed laser. Furthermore, the fabrication temperature is relatively low, which is available to deposit materials on various substrates, even flexible ones. Most importantly, PLD is a deposition technology with large area coverage, which can produce centimeter-scale thin films, the planar geometry of which has significant potential for compact device integration with modern semiconductor techniques. Consequently, this review introduces the recent advances on the materials, fabrication, and application of pulsed-laser deposition for a variety of high-performance photo-detectors from an overall perspective. Moreover, the challenges and future development trends are discussed.
关键词： wearable devices,fabrication,optoelectronics,applications,photo-detectors,PLD,pulsed-laser deposition,high-performance,materials
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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One-step growth of centimeter-scale doped multilayer MoS <sub/>2</sub> films by pulsed laser-induced synthesis
摘要： Recently, two-dimensional MoS2 has attracted interest for applications in electronics, optics, energy storage, and catalysis. Furthermore, n-type or p-type doping of MoS2 can result in improved film properties, thereby expanding the range of applicability. However, the rapid preparation of large-scale MoS2 films and the e?ective doping of such films remain challenging. Herein, we report on a one-step growth method called pulsed laser-induced synthesis (PLIS) that can resolve these challenges and can quickly (5–10 min) prepare centimeter-scale MoS2 films directly and selectively on a substrate. A continuous length of up to 1.412 cm can be achieved with MoS2 films prepared by the described in situ doping of noble metals (Au, Pt, and Pd) to convert MoS2 into a p-type semiconductor was realized, consistent with the results obtained from first-principles calculations. The STEM images reveal that the phenomena of surface modification and cation substitution occur in the doped MoS2 films. The doped MoS2 films were further processed into a p-type field effect transistor with an on/off ratio of 105. Importantly, this technique can be applied to other transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) while employing various doping elements; this scheme provides an innovative method for upscaling production and large-area doping of TMDC thin films.
关键词： TMDCs,MoS2,field effect transistor,doping,pulsed laser-induced synthesis
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Dielectric Properties of Pulsed Laser Deposited Nanoscale CeNi5 Thin Films
摘要： Dielectric properties of pulsed laser deposited, nanoscale CeNi5 alloy layers, on glass or SiO2 substrate are described using the complex dielectric function. The UV–Vis–NIR spectral behavior of this function is studied separately for its real part ε1 (the dielectric constant or dielectric permittivity), and for its imaginary part ε2 (the dielectric loss function). The layers were obtained from grinded CeNi5 bulk powder using short, modulated laser pulses. The absolute reflectance of the obtained nanoscale alloy layers was measured at the 632.8 nm wavelength of a liquid nitrogen cooled and stabilized He–Ne source. This value was further used to renormalize the relative differential reflectance spectroscopy measurements performed in the UV?Vis?NIR domain. The obtained absolute reflectance spectra were processed using the Kramers–Kr?nig formalism, so that the real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric function could be computationally determined, also leading to the calculation of the electron loss functions –Im ε–1 and –Im(1 + ε)–1. The behavior of these functions near the spectral inflexion points was determined using appropriate theoretical considerations. The variation of the dielectric functions was explained, electron density of states and the shape of the energy bands were inferred. This study reveals the layer thickness and deposition substrate dependent optical and electrical properties of the produced nanoscale CeNi5 structures.
关键词： dielectric constant,nanoscale CeNi5 thin films,dielectric loss function,pulsed laser deposition,electron energy band structures
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01