研究目的
Investigating the selective femtosecond laser ablation of graphene for its micro-patterning, focusing on the effects of laser fluence and environmental conditions on the ablation and functionalization processes.
研究成果
Femtosecond laser ablation is a promising method for direct writing of micro-patterns in graphene monolayers, combining mechanical substrate-mediated ablation with photochemical and photothermal processes. Selective functionalization and ablation of graphene are feasible within the same experimental setup, offering potential applications in electronics and sensors.
研究不足
The study is limited by the small window of fluences for selective ablation of graphene, confined by damage to the underlying substrate and irregular ablation at lower fluences. The resolution of patterning is in the range of a few micrometers, and the effect of oxidation at the ablation rim requires further investigation.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study utilized a Ti:sapphire amplified laser for femtosecond laser ablation of graphene monolayers on SiO2/Si substrates. The laser parameters were set to 800 nm wavelength, 40 fs pulse duration, and 167 Hz repetition rate. The ablation threshold was determined by varying the pulse energy and measuring the diameter of ablated spots.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Commercially acquired graphene monolayers grown on copper catalysts by chemical vapour deposition and transferred to SiO2/Si substrates were used. The samples were not pre-treated before laser processing.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Ti:sapphire laser (Spitfire Ace, Newport Spectra-Physics), high precision translation stage (ANT 130-XY, Aerotech), optical microscope (Eclipse LV100, Nikon), scanning electron microscope (EVO MA10, Zeiss), atomic force microscope (Nanoscope 5, Bruker), Raman microscope (inVia, Renishaw).
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Single shots on the graphene sample were performed varying the pulse energy. Experiments were conducted in ambient air and under argon gas flow. The ablated areas were analyzed with optical microscopy, SEM, AFM, and Raman spectroscopy.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
The ablation threshold was calculated based on the spatial fluence distribution of the Gaussian beam. The morphology of the irradiated regions was evaluated, and complete removal of graphene was verified by Raman spectroscopy.
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Atomic force microscope
Nanoscope 5
Bruker
Evaluation of topographical features of single shots.
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Ti:sapphire laser
Spitfire Ace
Newport Spectra-Physics
Used for femtosecond laser ablation of graphene monolayers.
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High precision translation stage
ANT 130-XY
Aerotech
Positioning the sample normal to the incident laser beam.
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Scanning electron microscope
EVO MA10
Zeiss
Analysis of ablated single shots, lines, and patterns.
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Optical microscope
Eclipse LV100
Nikon
Analysis of ablated single shots, lines, and patterns.
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Raman microscope
inVia
Renishaw
Verification of complete removal of graphene by fs-laser irradiation.
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