研究目的
Investigating the effects of cation and anion doping on the electronic properties of ZnO electron transport layers in inverted polymer solar cells to enhance photovoltaic performance.
研究成果
The study demonstrated that doping ZnO with Al3+ and Cl? significantly enhances the photovoltaic performance of inverted PSCs, achieving a maximum PCE of 10.38%. The Al3+ cation improved the conductivity and electron mobility of ZnO, while the Cl? anion reduced the work function and eliminated defects. The combination of these dopants provided a synergistic effect, leading to the highest PCE among the tested configurations.
研究不足
The study focused on the effects of doping on the ZnO ETL's electronic properties and the PSCs' performance but did not extensively explore the long-term stability of the doped ZnO layers under operational conditions. Additionally, the study was limited to a specific set of dopants and photoactive materials.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed the sol–gel method to synthesize pristine and doped ZnO layers for use as ETLs in inverted PSCs. The effects of various dopants on the ZnO's electronic properties and the PSCs' performance were systematically investigated.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The study used three different photoactive materials (PTB7-Th:PC71BM, PTB7:PC71BM, and P3HT:PC71BM) to eliminate concerns about the dependence on the photoactive material.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Keithley 2400 source with MODUSYS solar simulator, UV-vis spectrometer, Multilab-2000 instrument for UPS and XPS measurements, Dimension Icon Scanning Probe Microscope for AFM, and ZIVE SP5 for EIS measurements. Materials included Zn(CH3COO)2, 2-methoxyethanol, Al(acac)3, Al(NO3)3, AlCl3, NH4Cl, MgCl2, and PEIE.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The ZnO and doped ZnO layers were synthesized via the sol–gel method, spin-coated on ITO substrates, and annealed. The PSCs were fabricated by sequentially depositing the active layer, MoO3, and Ag electrodes. The devices' photovoltaic performances were characterized under AM 1.5G illumination.
5：5G illumination.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: The study analyzed the devices' J-V characteristics, EQE spectra, electron mobilities via SCLC, and impedance spectra via EIS. The work function and elemental composition were analyzed using UPS and XPS, respectively.
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