研究目的
Investigating the effect of Te-based glass on contact formation and electrical properties in Si solar cells.
研究成果
The study concluded that the morphology of the interfacial structure significantly affected the electrical properties of Si solar cells. The thickness of the glass layer was proportional to the series resistance, and lower viscosity of the glass frits led to higher efficiency due to the formation of a higher amount of recrystallites on the n and deeper penetration into Si. The contact formation between the Ag electrodes and the Si wafer was caused by the fused glass frits in Ag paste under fast firing.
研究不足
The study was limited to the investigation of Te-based glass frits in Ag paste for Si solar cells under fast firing conditions. The correlation between Te-based glass and contact formation was not previously addressed, indicating a gap in understanding that this study aimed to fill.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study investigated the relationship between the thermal properties of glass frits and the content of the TeO2/(TeO2tPbO) ratio under fast firing. The effect of contact formation on the electrical characteristics of Si solar cells with Te-based glass frits in Ag paste was observed.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Three types of Te-based glass frits were prepared for the Ag front contact paste with different TeO2/(TeO2tPbO) mole fraction ratios. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and crystallization temperature (Tc) were analyzed by thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA).
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included TG-DTA (STA409PC2, Netzsch, Germany), hot-stage microscopy (HSM; Misura, Expert System Solutions, Italy), SEM (S-4300, Hitachi, Japan), TEM (Talos F200X, FEI, USA), and a solar simulator (Oriel Sol3A, Newport Corp., USA). Materials included Ag powder, ethyl cellulose, Texanol, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Glass frits were pressed into a 5-mm metal mold and sintered at different heating rates. Silver paste was fabricated by mixing silver powder with an organic medium and glass frits, then screen printed on p-type multicrystalline industrial Si wafers and fired at a peak temperature of 800°C.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The photovoltaic testing of the solar cells was performed using a solar simulator. The sheet resistance of the pastes on the Si wafer was determined using a four-point probe system. The phases of the Ag crystallites formed on the SiNx layer were observed using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) system integrated with TEM.
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