研究目的
To elucidate the usefulness of iron oxides nanopowders obtained by PLA in air in the production of electrodes for supercapacitors.
研究成果
Under the chosen carbon paste molding conditions, the highest specific capacitance was found in the electrode comprising the nanopowder heat-treated at 500°С. Although containing a hematite phase solely, this material does not lose porosity or real surface area (compared to the undoped carbon electrode and the commercial iron oxide sample) upon paste molding, and it potentially can be used in electrodes for supercapacitor systems.
研究不足
The low specific capacitance of the CPE comprising sample Fe/200 may be explained by the considerable reduction of the real surface area due to the formation of dense structures upon paste pressing.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Nano-sized magnetite powders with addition of iron nitrides were synthesized via pulsed laser ablation (PLA) of an iron target in atmospheric air. A series of iron oxide nanopowders with various phase compositions and structures were prepared via heat treatment of the initial powder at temperatures in the range 200–500°C.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The powders were introduced into the composition of carbon paste electrodes (CPEs). The capacitive characteristics of the electrodes prepared were studied in comparison to a commercial electroexplosive iron oxide powder.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Nd:YAG LS-2131M-20 (LOTIS TII) laser, SNOL
4:7/1100 muffle furnace, HT-7700 (Hitachi) microscope, Vega 3H (Tescan) microscope, TriStar II 3020 (Micromeritics) gas-adsorption specific surface and porosity analyzer, P8-nano (Electrochemical Instruments) potentiostat-galvanostat. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The ablation process lasted 5 h. Then, the product powder was mechanically removed from the reactor. The average nanopowder yield for the set experimental parameters was 15 mg/h. The thus-produced material was denoted Fe/in. Then, the powder was heat-treated in a SNOL 6.7/1100 muffle furnace at four temperatures from the range 200–500°С (4 h; heating rate: 10 K/min).
5:7/1100 muffle furnace at four temperatures from the range 200–500°С (4 h; heating rate:
5. Data Analysis Methods: The specific capacitance С (F/g) was calculated from the charge–discharge current in cyclic voltammograms recorded at the potential scan rate 10 mV/s.
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Nd:YAG LS-2131M-20
LS-2131M-20
LOTIS TII
Used for pulsed laser ablation of an iron target in atmospheric air.
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HT-7700
HT-7700
Hitachi
Used for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study the microstructure of particles.
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SNOL 6.7/1100 muffle furnace
6.7/1100
SNOL
Used for heat treatment of the initial powder at temperatures in the range 200–500°С.
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Vega 3H
Vega 3H
Tescan
Used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize the morphology of powders and electrode surfaces.
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TriStar II 3020
TriStar II 3020
Micromeritics
Used for measuring the BET specific surface area of samples.
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P8-nano
P8-nano
Electrochemical Instruments
Used for electrochemical measurements.
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