研究目的
To introduce senior chemistry undergraduate students to the use of Raman spectroscopy and ambient ionization mass spectrometry for the analysis of both bulk and trace drug samples, and to explore the potential of these techniques in forensic science.
研究成果
The laboratory exercise successfully introduced students to the use of Raman spectroscopy and ambient ionization mass spectrometry for drug analysis, demonstrating the potential of these techniques in forensic science. The combination of these methods meets the requirements for confirmatory testing in forensic analysis and offers a rapid and simple alternative to traditional techniques.
研究不足
The study was limited to a small number of drug samples and did not explore the full range of potential applications of the techniques in forensic science. The use of portable instruments, while advantageous for field applications, may have lower performance compared to benchtop systems.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The experiment was designed to compare the performance of Raman spectroscopy and ambient ionization mass spectrometry for the analysis of drugs. The methods selected were conventional Raman spectroscopy and paper cone spray ionization (PCSI) MS for bulk samples, and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and paper spray ionization (PSI) MS for trace samples.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Bulk samples included over-the-counter drugs like ibuprofen and acetaminophen, while trace samples included illicit drugs like heroin, fentanyl, and MDMA.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Thermo Nicolet 6700 FTIR/FT-Raman Spectrophotometer, a Thermo Fisher LTQ ion trap mass spectrometer, a Metrohm Instant Raman Analyzer (Mira), and a prototype PURSPEC Technologies Mini b mass spectrometer. Materials included Whatman? grade 1 qualitative filter paper, HPLC-grade methanol, and silver unmounted pSERS substrates.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
For bulk analysis, drugs were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy followed by PCSI-MS. For trace analysis, drugs were analyzed using SERS followed by PSI-MS, both performed on the same paper substrate.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Raman spectra were matched to library databases for identification. Mass spectra were analyzed for the presence of drugs and their fragmentation patterns.
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