研究目的
To evaluate the effectiveness to avoid gingival inflammation and white spot lesions by using two prophylactic methods: Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and conventional ultrasonic scaler (US), in patients during fixed orthodontic treatment.
研究成果
Both US and PDT improved in a similar way clinical outcomes and microbiological counts during the orthodontic treatment in adolescents with fixed devices. A progression of gingival inflammation or enamel demineralization is not to be expected within 9 and 6 months, respectively, after repeated implementation of prophylactic procedures when there is sufficient oral hygiene practice.
研究不足
The study was limited by the small sample size and the short evaluation period. More studies are needed to optimize the treatment dosage regimen and to evaluate the long-term effects.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Twenty patients under orthodontic treatment for at least 15 months were randomly divided into two groups: PDT mediated by methylene blue (MB) and US. Both treatments were applied in repeated doses (four times in intervals of 2 weeks in the beginning of the study (T0), with booster doses at 3, 6 and 9 months, T1, T2 and T3, respectively).
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Patients aged between 12 and 18 years, with bone-dental discrepancy less than 6 mm in both arches and underwent a non-extraction orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Photosensitizer solution: 3,7-Bis(dimethyl-amino) phenazathionium chloride trihydrate (methylene blue, MB) 0.005 % (w/v), suspended in a balanced solution of phosphate buffered saline with hydroxymethylcellulose as a mucoadhesive viscosity agent. A diode laser device (PeriowaveTM, Ondine Biopharma Corporation, Vancouver, Canada, ?=670 nm; 200 mW output power, cw), was used to photoactivate the MB solution. Ultrasonic instruments (sonic SONICflex 2003L Kavo) and a universal accessory tip (SONICflex scaler no5) were used for US treatment.
4：005 % (w/v), suspended in a balanced solution of phosphate buffered saline with hydroxymethylcellulose as a mucoadhesive viscosity agent. A diode laser device (PeriowaveTM, Ondine Biopharma Corporation, Vancouver, Canada, ?=670 nm; 200 mW output power, cw), was used to photoactivate the MB solution. Ultrasonic instruments (sonic SONICflex 2003L Kavo) and a universal accessory tip (SONICflex scaler no5) were used for US treatment. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Clinical periodontal variables were recorded immediately before the start of the antimicrobial prophylaxis treatment T0 and at the T1, T2 and T3 follow-up visits: full mouth plaque score (FMPS), full mouth bleeding score (FMBS) and probing depth (PD). Plaque and saliva samples were collected for microbiological culture.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Statistical analysis was performed with a SPSS software package for Windows (version 17.0; SPSS, Chicago, III). Results were expressed as mean and standard deviation.
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