研究目的
To investigate the characteristics and temporal evolution of a granular-scale vortex and its associated up?ows through the photosphere and chromosphere of a quiet Sun internetwork region.
研究成果
The study concluded that consecutive granular-scale up?ows can be generated in the quiet Sun and extend through the photosphere up to the chromosphere. These up?ows can develop over a short time span of a few minutes through swirling and expanding motions, potentially transporting mass and energy into the upper chromosphere. The vortex-associated high-speed up?ows were found to heat the upper chromosphere, but no signature of the vortex was detected in IRIS spectra of transition-region lines.
研究不足
The study was limited by the lack of simultaneous high-resolution magnetic field observations, which could have provided more insights into the relationship between the small-scale vortex and magnetic tornadoes. Additionally, the exposure time used for the IRIS observations was rather high, which might have affected the detection of meaningful signals in the far UV lines.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study utilized high spatial and temporal resolution ground- and space-based observations of a quiet Sun region, including high-cadence time series of wideband and narrowband images of both Hα 6563 ? and Ca II 8542 ? lines obtained with the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter (CRISP) instrument at the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST), as well as ultraviolet imaging and spectral data simultaneously obtained by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS).
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The observations focused on a quiet Sun internetwork region, specifically a small-scale vortex detected in the area.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The primary instruments used were the CRISP at SST for ground-based observations and IRIS for space-based ultraviolet imaging and spectral data.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The study involved analyzing the temporal evolution of the vortex through consecutive high-speed up?ow events observed in Hα and Ca II narrowband images and their corresponding Doppler signal maps.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
The spectral analysis included examining the Doppler shifts and intensity ratios of Mg II k and subordinate lines to determine upward velocities and temperature increases in the vortex region.
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