研究目的
To design a compact antipodal Vivaldi antenna with reduced radar cross section for directional UWB communications, achieving size reduction and improved RCS performance.
研究成果
The proposed compact antipodal Vivaldi antenna achieves a 74% size reduction and provides at least 11 dB RCS reduction across the 3–12 GHz UWB band, with peak reductions of 16 dB. It maintains end-fire radiation characteristics, an average gain of 5 dB, and efficiency above 80%. The design is suitable for stealth applications, and simulation results correlate well with experimental measurements, validating the approach.
研究不足
The antenna's performance above 12 GHz is not considered due to radiation instability and poor gain. Resource limitations prevented measurement of radiation efficiency. The RCS reduction techniques (slots and drills) are limited by the antenna's small size, which restricts further modifications without affecting performance.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The design involves evolving a reference antipodal Vivaldi antenna (Antenna A) by adding a BALUN taper to the ground plane, circular slots in the wings (Antenna B), and drills on the radiator surface (Antenna C) to enhance impedance characteristics and reduce RCS. Simulations are conducted using CST Microwave Studio 2015 for optimization.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The antenna is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with specific dielectric properties. Measurements are performed using a Keysight Fieldfox Microwave Analyzer and anechoic chamber testing for validation.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
FR4 substrate (thickness 1.6 mm, dielectric constant 4.3, loss tangent 0.023), Keysight Fieldfox Microwave Analyzer (N9917A), broadband double ridge waveguide horn antennas (1–12 GHz), and fabrication tools for creating slots and drills.
4：6 mm, dielectric constant 3, loss tangent 023), Keysight Fieldfox Microwave Analyzer (N9917A), broadband double ridge waveguide horn antennas (1–12 GHz), and fabrication tools for creating slots and drills.
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The antenna design is simulated, optimized, and fabricated. Impedance and radiation characteristics are measured using a vector network analyzer and anechoic chamber. RCS is measured by directing radar signals at the antenna and capturing backscattered signals with horn antennas in a monostatic setup.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Simulation data from CST Microwave Studio is compared with measured reflection coefficients, gain, radiation patterns, and RCS values. Statistical analysis is not explicitly mentioned, but correlation between simulation and measurement is assessed.
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