研究目的
To assess the oxidation power of photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and air-diffusion cathode to degrade and mineralize 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AA) in water, including optimization, treatment in municipal secondary effluent, and toxicity evaluation.
研究成果
PEF with BDD anode and air-diffusion cathode is highly effective for degrading and mineralizing 4-AA, with optimized conditions achieving 99% degradation in 7 min and 45% mineralization in 130 min. The process is robust in complex matrices like municipal effluent, with significant toxicity reduction. It demonstrates potential for wastewater treatment applications.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific conditions (e.g., pH 3.0, use of Na2SO4 as electrolyte) and may not be directly applicable to other matrices or pollutants. The toxicity assessment uses Artemia salina, which might not represent all ecological impacts. Optimization was done for a specific drug concentration, and scalability to industrial levels is not addressed.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used photoelectro-Fenton (PEF) process with a BDD anode and air-diffusion cathode under UVA irradiation. A 24 central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize variables: current density, initial Fe2+ concentration, initial 4-AA concentration, and time. Response surface methodology was used for analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Solutions of 4-AA in pure water (0.050 M Na2SO4, pH 3.0) and spiked into municipal secondary effluent were used. Samples were analyzed for 4-AA concentration, TOC, and toxicity.
3：050 M Na2SO4, pH 0) and spiked into municipal secondary effluent were used. Samples were analyzed for 4-AA concentration, TOC, and toxicity. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: A jacketed glass reactor (150 mL capacity), BDD anode (NeoCoat), air-diffusion cathode (E-TEK), power source (Instrutherm Fa-3003), UVA lamp (Philips TL/4W/08), HPLC system (Thermo Scientific Finnigan Surveyor with Agilent Zorbax column), TOC analyzer (Shimadzu TOC-V CPN), pH meter (Crison 2000), and toxicity test setup with Artemia salina.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Electrolytic assays were performed in 100 mL solutions at 25°C with stirring. Compressed air was supplied to the cathode for H2O2 generation. Aliquots were withdrawn at intervals, filtered, and analyzed for 4-AA (by HPLC), TOC, and toxicity. Toxicity was assessed using Artemia salina larvae mortality tests.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using Statistica 10 software for CCD. Pseudo-first-order kinetics were applied for degradation. Mineralization current efficiency (MCE) was calculated. Toxicity was evaluated based on LC50 and toxic units.
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HPLC system
Finnigan Surveyor
Thermo Scientific
Analyzes 4-AA concentration
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TOC analyzer
TOC-V CPN
Shimadzu
Measures total organic carbon for mineralization assessment
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BDD anode
Thin film deposited on p-type Si (100) wafer
NeoCoat
Anode for electrochemical oxidation, generating hydroxyl radicals
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Air-diffusion cathode
Carbon-PTFE
E-TEK
Cathode for H2O2 generation from oxygen reduction
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Power source
Fa-3003
Instrutherm
Provides constant current for electrolysis
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UVA lamp
TL/4W/08
Philips
Provides UVA irradiation for photolysis in PEF process
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pH meter
2000
Crison
Monitors solution pH
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Catalase
Sigma-Aldrich
Quenches residual H2O2 in toxicity tests
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4-Aminoantipyrine
Sigma-Aldrich
Target pollutant for degradation and mineralization
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