1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a reverse-micelle microemulsion technique with surfactants (SDS, CTAB, TritonX-100) to control phase, size, and shape. Cement hydration was analyzed via isothermal calorimetry, and photocatalytic activity was assessed through methylene blue degradation under UV light.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) was used. Synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles were incorporated into cement mixtures at varying weight percentages (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%).

3：5%, 0%, 5%). List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included X-ray diffractometer (XRD, D8 Advance Bruker AXS), scanning electron microscope (SEM, FE-SEM JSM-6480LV), transmission electron microscope (TEM, JOEL JEM-2010), isothermal calorimeter (TAM AIR, TA Instrument), UV-VIS spectrophotometer (SPECORD 210 PLUS Analytikjena). Materials included titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), surfactants (SDS, CTAB, TritonX-100), methylene blue, and OPC.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Synthesis involved preparing surfactant solutions, adding TTIP and water, filtering, drying, and calcining. For hydration, cement mixtures were prepared with water-cement ratio of 0.5, mixed, and monitored for 70 hours. For photocatalysis, specimens were cured for 28 days, exposed to MB solution under UV light, and concentration measured periodically.

5：5, mixed, and monitored for 70 hours. For photocatalysis, specimens were cured for 28 days, exposed to MB solution under UV light, and concentration measured periodically. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: XRD for phase analysis, SEM and TEM for morphology, calorimetry data normalized per gram of cement, MB degradation rates calculated from UV-VIS measurements.