研究目的
To fabricate and characterize La3+ doped ZnO ceramic nanostructures using electrospinning-calcination method and investigate their optical and photocatalytic properties, particularly for the degradation of Congo Red dye under UV light.
研究成果
La-doped ZnO nanostructures were successfully synthesized via electrospinning-calcination, with optimal photocatalytic performance at 2% La doping, achieving 97.63% dye degradation under optimized conditions. The materials showed modified optical properties and good reusability after thermal treatment, indicating potential for environmental applications in wastewater treatment.
研究不足
The study is limited to La doping up to 4%, beyond which phase separation occurs (La2O3 formation). The method may not be scalable for industrial applications, and the photocatalytic tests were conducted only under UV light, not visible light. Reusability was tested only once after thermal activation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used electrospinning followed by calcination to synthesize undoped and La-doped ZnO nanostructures. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was added to promote electrospinning, and calcination was done at 700°C for 3 hours to remove the polymer and form ceramic structures.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were prepared with La doping concentrations of 0%,
3：2%, 1%, 2%, and 4% molar percent. Chemicals were analytical grade from Sigma-Aldrich. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a homemade electrospinning setup, Bruker 18 Avance X-ray diffractometer, Quanta200 SEM, Hitachi High-Tech HT7700 TEM, Analytik Jena UV/Vis 210 Plus spectrophotometer, Edinburgh Instruments FLS980 spectrofluorimeter, and Peschl Ultraviolet UV-reactor. Materials included zinc acetate, lanthanum oxide, DMF, ethanol, Congo Red, PVP, nitric acid.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Solutions were prepared, electrospun at 20 kV voltage, 15 cm needle-collector distance, and
5：75 mL/h flow rate. Calcination was performed at 700°C for 3 h. Characterization involved XRD, SEM/TEM, UV-Vis reflectance, photoluminescence, and photocatalytic tests with Congo Red dye under UV light. Data Analysis Methods:
XRD data analyzed crystallite size and lattice parameters using Scherrer equation. Optical band gaps calculated using Kubelka-Munk theory. Photocatalytic kinetics modeled with pseudo-first-order and Langmuir-Hinshelwood approaches. Gradient method used for optimization.
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