研究目的
Investigating the dielectric and photoluminescence properties of fine-grained BaTiO3 ceramics co-doped with amphoteric Sm and valence-variable Cr.
研究成果
BSTC and BSTC1 ceramics exhibit fine-grained microstructures with single-phase perovskite structures. Sm and Cr co-doping inhibits grain growth, introduces multiple Cr valence states, and affects photoluminescence and dielectric properties. BSTC1 shows improved dielectric performance meeting Y5V specifications, with potential applications in capacitors and optoelectronic devices.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific doping levels and compositions; inhomogeneous dopant distribution was observed, and the real formula may differ from nominal due to Cr loss during sintering. Techniques may not detect all impurity phases or defects.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A traditional solid-state method was used to prepare BSTC and BSTC1 ceramics. Theoretical models include Vegard's law for lattice parameters and defect chemistry using Kr?ger-Vink notation.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Ceramics were prepared with nominal compositions x=0.01-0.05 for BSTC and x=0.02-0.05 for BSTC1, using reagent-grade powders. Comparative samples included (Ba1-xSmx)Ti1-x/4O3, Ba(Ti1-xCrx)O3, and pure BaTiO
3：01-05 for BSTC and x=02-05 for BSTC1, using reagent-grade powders. Comparative samples included (Ba1-xSmx)Ti1-x/4O3, Ba(Ti1-xCrx)O3, and pure BaTiOList of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. 3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Raw materials: BaCO3 (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent,
4：4%), TiO2 (Shanghai Yuejiang Powders, anatase, 5%), Sm2O3 (Shanghai Diyang Chemical, 99%), Cr2O3 (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, 0%). Equipment:
XRD (DX-2700, Dandong Haoyuan), SEM (EVOMA 10, Zeiss), EDXS (Aztec 2.3, Oxford Instruments), Raman spectrometer (LabRAM XploRA, Horiba Jobin Yvon), EPR spectrometer (A300, Bruker BioSpin GMBH), XPS (ESCALAB 250, Thermo Electron), dielectric spectrometer (Concept 41, Novocontrol).
5：3, Oxford Instruments), Raman spectrometer (LabRAM XploRA, Horiba Jobin Yvon), EPR spectrometer (A300, Bruker BioSpin GMBH), XPS (ESCALAB 250, Thermo Electron), dielectric spectrometer (Concept 41, Novocontrol). Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Powders were mixed, calcined at 1100°C for 5h, pressed into pellets, sintered at 1400°C for 12h. Samples were polished, thermally etched, and characterized using various techniques. Dielectric measurements were done at 1 kHz from -75 to 200°C.
6：2h. Samples were polished, thermally etched, and characterized using various techniques. Dielectric measurements were done at 1 kHz from -75 to 200°C. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Lattice parameters calculated using MS Modeling, EPR g-factor calculated, XPS data fitted with Shirley background, dielectric data analyzed for permittivity and loss.
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Scanning electron microscope
EVOMA 10
Zeiss
Microstructure observation
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Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer
Aztec 2.3
Oxford Instruments
Compositional analyses
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X-ray photoelectron spectrometer
ESCALAB 250
Thermo Electron
XPS measurements
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X-ray diffractometer
DX-2700
Dandong Haoyuan
Structural characterization of ceramics
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Raman spectrometer
LabRAM XploRA
Horiba Jobin Yvon
Obtaining Raman spectra and photoluminescence
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Electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer
A300
Bruker BioSpin GMBH
Measuring EPR spectra
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Dielectric spectrometer
Concept 41
Novocontrol
Dielectric measurements
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