1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved synthesizing BP NS/TMC heterostructures via liquid exfoliation and photochemical deposition, with characterization using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to understand morphology, structure, and optical properties. Photocatalytic H2 evolution was tested under different light irradiations, and charge carrier dynamics were analyzed using fs-TRDRS and photoelectrochemical measurements.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples included BP NS with different thicknesses (prepared by varying centrifugation speeds), TMC, and their composites with Pt. Data were sourced from synthesized materials and experimental measurements.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included FESEM (JEOL JSM-6330FT), TEM (JEOL JEM-2100), UV-visible-NIR spectrophotometer (Jasco V-570), AFM (Keyence VN-8010), XRD (Smart lab system), XPS (JEOL JPS-9010 MC), gas chromatograph (Shimadzu GC-8A), electrochemical analyzer (ALS 660B), and fs-TRDRS system (Spectra-Physics Spitfire Pro F with OPA-800CF-1). Materials included bulk BP, NMP, NaOH, NH4NO3, NH4F, TiF4, H2PtCl6, methanol, etc.

4：1). Materials included bulk BP, NMP, NaOH, NH4NO3, NH4F, TiF4, H2PtCl6, methanol, etc. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Synthesis involved exfoliating BP NS, preparing TMC and Pt/TMC, and forming composites. Characterization steps included imaging, spectroscopy, and electrochemical tests. Photocatalytic reactions were conducted in sealed tubes under Ar, with H2 evolution measured by gas chromatography.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using exponential fitting for transient absorption decays, Tauc plots for band gap estimation, and standard equations for AQE calculation.