1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles and then growing undoped, Ga-doped, and Ag-doped ZnO nanorods on polyethylene substrates using a modified fast-hydrothermal microwave heating synthesis to enhance visible light absorption. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by methylene blue degradation under visible light, and antimicrobial activity was assessed against Vibrio spp. and E. coli.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Samples included undoped ZnO nanorods, and ZnO nanorods doped with Ga at 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 at% and Ag at 0.1, 1.0, and 2.0 at%. Bacterial strains (Vibrio spp. and E. coli Dh5α) were provided by researchers from Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.

3：1, 0, and 0 at% and Ag at 1, 0, and 0 at%. Bacterial strains (Vibrio spp. and E. coli Dh5α) were provided by researchers from Universidad Autónoma de Baja California. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment: Transmission electron microscope (JEOL JEM-2010), scanning electron microscope (JEOL-JIB 4500), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system (OXFORD INCA Energy System), cathodoluminescence detector (Gatan MonoCL4), microwave oven (Whirlpool model WM1311DS), UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Agilent Cary 60). Materials: Zinc acetate, 2-propanol, NaOH, zinc nitrate hexahydrate, hexamethylenetetramine, gallium oxide, silver nitrate, dodecanolthiol, methanol, polyethylene substrates, methylene blue, LB broth, ampicillin.

4：0). Materials:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized from zinc acetate and NaOH in 2-propanol. Polyethylene substrates were thiolated and seeded with ZnO nanoparticles. Nanorods were grown by microwave heating of precursor solutions with dopants. Characterization involved TEM, SEM, EDS, and CL. Photocatalytic tests measured methylene blue degradation under fluorescent lamp light. Antimicrobial tests involved monitoring bacterial growth kinetics in the presence of nanorod chips.

5：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

5. Data Analysis Methods: Data analysis included measuring nanorod diameters from SEM images, elemental composition from EDS, optical properties from CL spectra, photocatalytic degradation rates from UV-Vis absorbance at 664 nm, and bacterial growth inhibition from absorbance at 595 nm.