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Pyrite thin films on amorphous substrates: Interaction with the substrate and doping effects
摘要： Recent published literature dealing with FeS2 pyrite (thin films and single crystals) faces a few and relevant issues: the low photovoltage presented by pyrite (mainly related to the singular nature of its surface), the not yet clearly defined way of making available n and p type reliable samples and the relevance of their stoichiometry. To address the second and third issues, Fe thin films, Ti/Fe and Co/Fe bilayers deposited on sodalime glass and amorphous quartz substrates have been sulfurated at different temperatures (Ts) (Ts ? 600°C) during 20 h to obtain pyrite thin films. Seebeck coefficient and Hall Effect measurements have been carried out at room temperature with the sulfurated samples. It has been found that sulfurated Ti/Fe on sodalime glass presents a change of the Seebeck coefficient sign (from negative to positive) due to a strong interaction of the Ti layer with the substrate, which is not present in the Ti/Fe samples deposited on amorphous quartz. As a consequence of the interaction, a new TiO2 layer is formed between the sodalime glass substrate and the pyrite layer. Sulfurated Co/Fe bilayers on sodalime glass show a coherent behavior according to the obtained results and previously published works. They all appear to be n-type semiconductors when Ts ? 175°C. Non-intentionally doped Fe thin films on sodalime glass behave in a non-conclusive fashion from the point of view of their electrical transport characterization. The Seebeck coefficient (S) of the sulfurated films appear to be S > 0 for all values of Ts. However, the value and sign of the Hall constant behave in a non-reproducible way. Results are discussed on the light of present knowledge of synthetic pyrite thin films growth and doping.
关键词： Thin films,Hall effect,Seebeck effect,Doping effects,Sodalime glass,Pyrite
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Luminescence and dielectric properties of Ni2+ ions added to calcio yttria borophosphate glasses for optoelectronic uses
摘要： Glass materials of composition CaO – Y2O3 – B2O3 – P2O5 added with different concentrations of NiO (Ni2+: CYBP) are synthesized by conventional rapid melt quenching method. Various physical properties of these glasses such as polaron radius (rp), molar volume (Vm), optical basicity (Λth) and refractive index (μ) are studied. As an elastic characterization Young’s modulus (Y), Poison ratio (σ) and micro hardness (H) of these glasses are studied. These grades suggest that the prepared materials are mechanically hard and exhibiting covalently interlinked structure. Further these samples are characterized by various techniques such as differential thermal analysis, thermoluminiscence, optical absorption, photoluminescence, Ionic conductivity and dielectric dispersion. The thermoluminiscence grades such as peak temperature maximum (Tm), shape symmetry factor (μsf) and activation energies ( Eτ, Eδ and Eω) are studied at various UV irradiation levels. These results strongly recommended that the both electron and hole trap centers were created at the deeper trap levels and contribute higher orders of thermoluminiscence emission with in these glasses subjected to higher orders of temperature and UV irradiation. The various optical absorption and photoluminescence factor's such as, optical band gap (Eo), nephelauxetic ratio (β), emission cross section (Ω), branching ratio (ζ) and radiative life times (τ) are studied. These grades found to be maximum for the material which has 0.5 mol% of NiO concentration may be most suggestible for optoelectronic application. The dc and ac conductivity (σdc & σac) of these glasses are estimated. The various dielectric parameter’s such as loss tangent (Tan (φ)), temperature region of relaxation (ΔT), density of states near Fermi level (N(Ef)), activation energies of both dipoles and conduction (Ed & Ec) are also calculated. These reports clearly disclose that the octahedrally located Ni2+ ions are increasing with increase NiO concentration with in present calcio yttria borophosphate glasses.
关键词： emission cross section,nephelauxetic ratio,micro hardness,trap depth parameters,Ni2+: CYBP glass materials,temperature region of relaxation
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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A combination of portable non-invasive techniques to study on reverse glass paintings at Mistretta museum
摘要： Reverse painting on glass is an old decorative technique used since the Roman time consisting in applying a cold paint layer on the reverse side. The Sicilian Regional Museum of forestry and pastoral traditions in Mistretta (Messina, Italy) houses the largest collection of reverse glass paintings in Italy with a total of 195 artworks. The artworks are attributed to the different Italian geographic area from north to south Italy. A combination of non-invasive analysis by using complementary portable spectroscopic instrumentations (mainly XRF and Raman Spectrometers) was applied on some selection of reverse glass paintings. The goal of the work is the characterization of the nature of pigments and of binders used in the realization of the paints. The composition of glasses used as substrate has been also investigated.
关键词： Reverse glass,Portable instrumentation,Raman spectroscopy,TR FTIR,XRF
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Comparison of spin-on-glass and WO <sub/>3</sub> as an insulating layer for printed resistive memory devices
摘要： Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) is a highly promising technology for various future memory applications. In this work, spin-on-glass (SOG) and WO3 nanoparticles are used as an insulating layer for completely inkjet-printed ReRAM cells. The direct comparison shows that the di?erence in switching parameters can be used to serve di?erent device requirements for various applications. While local ?lament formation with conductive atomic force microscopy con?rms the same switching mechanism for both compounds, the current–voltage characteristics di?er from each other. SOG as excellent insulator shows an OFF resistance in the range of GΩ and is therefore highly suitable for multi-bit data storage to increase memory density. ReRAM cells with WO3 face larger leakage currents and show a low degree of multi-bit data storage. However, WO3 can be used to fabricate completely sinter-free memory devices for applications which do not allow high temperatures in the fabrication process.
关键词： spin-on-glass,?exible electronics,printed electronics,organic electronics,inkjet printing,ReRAM
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Improved Self-Cleaning Properties of Photocatalytic Gypsum Plaster Enriched with Glass Fiber
摘要： In the study the self-cleaning properties of photoactive gypsum plasters are presented. The modified gypsum plasters were obtained by addition of 1 and 3 wt.% of nitrogen-modified titanium dioxide (TiO2/N) and 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt.% of glass fiber. The self-cleaning ability of the obtained materials was tested during two dyes decomposition: Methylene Blue (MB) and Reactive Orange (RO). It was found that presence of glass fiber increased photocatalytic activity of modified gypsum plasters, which may be due to the fact glass fiber may act as ducts for light and transport it to sites screened by TiO2 or glass fiber can retard charge recombination. Moreover, unexpectedly the addition of glass fiber did not increase the mechanical properties of modified gypsum plasters, which may be because gypsum does not strongly adhere to the surface of glass fibers.
关键词： glass fiber,photocatalysis,self-cleaning,gypsum plaster
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Research on Wafer-Level MEMS Packaging with Through-Glass Vias
摘要： A MEMS fabrication process with through-glass vias (TGVs) by laser drilling was presented, and reliability concerns about MEMS packaging with TGV, likes debris and via metallization, were overcome. The via drilling process on Pyrex 7740 glasses was studied using a picosecond laser with a wavelength of 532 nm. TGVs were tapered, the minimum inlet diameter of via holes on 300 μm glasses was 90 μm, and the relative outlet diameter is 48 μm. It took about 9 h and 58 min for drilling 4874 via holes on a four-inch wafer. Debris in ablation was collected only on the laser inlet side, and the outlet side was clean enough for bonding. The glass with TGVs was anodically bonded to silicon structures of MEMS sensors for packaging, electron beam evaporated metal was used to cover the bottom, the side, and the surface of via holes for vertical electrical interconnections. The metal was directly contacted to silicon with low contact resistance. A MEMS gyroscope was made in this way, and the getter was used for vacuum maintenance. The vacuum degree maintained under 1 Pa for more than two years. The proposed MEMS fabrication ?ow with a simple process and low cost is very suitable for mass production in industry.
关键词： through glass via (TGV),laser drilling,MEMS devices,wafer level packaging
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Local Chemistry Engineering in Doped Photonic Glass for Optical Pulse Generation
摘要： The control of the optical response of multicomponent photonic glass through short- to medium-range chemistry design has led to the development of high-performance devices with efficient stimulated radiation, broadband optical amplification, and sensitive optical sensing. However, the success of optical modulation with an all-fiber configuration is limited by the difficulty in creating smart structural units that can dynamically switch light–matter interactions. Here, a local chemistry design strategy is reported that can help realize dynamic energy storage and its controllable release, based on the simultaneous management of the chemical state and ligand field of transition-metal dopant through glass crystallization. The theoretical analysis indicates that a four-level configuration, such as that of tetrahedral Cr4+, can enable efficient photon–electron–photon conversion. Experimental data further reveal that this configuration can be stable in nanostructured glass. A nanostructured fiber with perfect core-clad configuration is successfully fabricated by the melt-in-tube approach. The optical modulation function in bulk glass with estimated σgs and σes values of (1.39 ± 0.03) × 10?16 and (1.20 ± 0.02) × 10?16 cm2, respectively, is also demonstrated. Therefore, a principle pulse laser device with operation wavelength at 1.06 μm and pulse duration of 176 ns is fabricated for the first time.
关键词： local chemistry,pulse generation,photonic glass
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Structure-properties relationship study in niobium oxide containing GaO3/2-LaO3/2-KO1/2 gallate glasses
摘要： The investigation has been devoted to the effect of the KNbO3 in a gallate based glasses of composition (100-x) (69GaO3/2-11LaO3/2-20KO1/2) – x KNbO3 with x varying from 0 to 20 mol.% allowing the use of standard melt technique. The thermal and optical properties were characterized and the local structure has been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. The gallium ions are mostly found in tetrahedra thanks to charge balancing of potassium and lanthanum ions. The continuous increase of the KNbO3 concentration gives rise to the progressive formation of a niobate subnetwork composed of corner shared NbO6 octahedra which does not depolymerize the gallate glass network. This addition has a limited impact on the multiphonon edge in the infrared while it causes a significant increase of the refractive index. For KNbO3 concentrations above 14 mol.% a phase separation occurs due to the absence of formation of a mixed gallo-niobate glass skeleton.
关键词： Gallate glass,IR transmission,Structure-properties relationship,Raman spectroscopy
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Effects of different annealing processes on optoelectronic and bending fatigue properties of AgZr and ITO/AgZr thin film metallic glass
摘要： Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films are widely used throughout the optoelectronics industry. The present study explores the optoelectronic responses of AgZr (AZ) and ITO/AgZr (IAZ) thin film metallic glasses (TFMGs) with different Ag and Zr compositions and processed by two different annealing methods, namely furnace annealing (FA) and laser annealing (LA). Among the various as-deposited AZ and IAZ films, the ITO/Ag66Zr34 (IA6Z) film has the highest optical transmittance (55.7%) and the lowest sheet resistance (145.8 Ω/□). For the FA samples, an annealing temperature of 300 °C results in the optimal optoelectronic properties, namely a transmittance of 68.4% and a sheet resistance of 47.2 Ω/□. For the LA samples, the optimal processing conditions (a pulse energy of 2.5 μJ and a repetition rate of 150 kHz) yield optical transmittance and sheet resistance values of 64.0% and 17.8 Ω/□ respectively. The optimal LA processing conditions increase the Haacke figure of merit of the IA6Z sample from 2.0 × 10?5 under the as-deposited condition to 6.5 × 10?4 Ω?1 under the annealed condition; corresponding to a 32.5-fold improvement. Finally, the relative change in resistivity (ΔR/R0, where R0 is the initial resistivity, Ri is the measured resistivity after a certain number of cycles, and ΔR is Ri - R0) of the as-deposited IA6Z sample following fatigue testing (10,000 cycles) with a bend radius of 7 mm (ΔR/R0 = 0.49) is significantly lower than that of a pure ITO film of roughly equivalent thickness (ΔR/R0 = 0.93).
关键词： Laser annealing,Bi-layered electrode,Furnace annealing,Thin film metallic glass
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Effect of co-doping of lithium on the dosimetric properties of dysprosium-doped sodium borate glass system
摘要： The effect of lithium (Li) as a co-dopant on the Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of dysprosium-doped sodium borate (NB: Dy) exposed to two radiation sources (linear accelerator and Gamma-ray from Co-60) is reported in this study. The results showed an enhancement in the TL intensity with the increment of lithium to NB: Dy. Promising dosimetric properties were recorded; glow curve with simple and prominent peak, high signal stability and simple annealing process. Furthermore, the phosphor is reusable and high dose linearity range (up to 103 Gy). The current results propose the using of the new dosimeter in different dosimetric applications.
关键词： Borate glass,Dysprosium oxide,Dosimeter
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36