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Enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) signals based on immobilization of core-shell nanoparticles incorporated boron nitride nanosheets: Development of molecularly imprinted SPR nanosensor for anticancer drug, etoposide
摘要： An effective SPR nanosensor based on core-shell nanoparticles (Ag@AuNPs) incorporated hexagonal boron nitride (HBN) nanosheets and molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was presented for etoposide (ETO) detection. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) method, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods were utilized for all characterizations of nanomaterials and polymer surfaces. ETO imprinted SPR nanosensor based on Ag@AuNPs-HBN nanocomposite was developed in the presence of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-methacryloylamidoglutamic acid) [p(HEMA-MAGA)]. The results of the study have revealed that 0.001 - 1.00 ng mL-1 (1.70×10-12 - 1.70×10-9 M) and 0.00025 ng mL-1 (4.25×10-13 M) were found as the linearity range and the detection limit (LOD). Furthermore, the prepared SPR nanosensor was examined in terms of stability, repeatability and selectivity. Finally, the imprinted SPR nanosensor was applied to the urine samples having high recovery.
关键词： Etoposide,Core-shell nanoparticles,Hexagonal boron nitride,Urine sample,Molecular imprinted nanosensor
更新于2025-11-21 11:18:25
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Changes in urine autofluorescence in ovarian cancer patients
摘要： Ovarian cancer is the type of cancer with the highest mortality rate among gynaecologic malignancies. Due to lack of screening tools, this disease is mainly diagnosed at a progressed stage, when it is too late to adequate therapy. Despite many attempts, enough sensitive and specific biomarker was not still uncovered. Fluorescence spectroscopy has proven to be a useful diagnostic tool with high efficiency. Fluorescence detection has three major advantages over other light-based investigation methods: high sensitivity, high speed, and reliability. Biological materials consist of a number of intrinsic fluorescent compounds – autofluorophores, which are associated with cardinal metabolic pathways. It is well known, that cancerous tissue metabolism is altered compared to healthy one, what influence also intrinsic fluorophores composition of bodily fluids. Urine is one of the biological fluids that could be obtained most easily and displays a blue – green fluorescence that can change in case of pathological process. Analysis of urine autofluorescence is non invasive and simple technique. Using fluorescent spectroscopy, ovarian cancer patients and healthy control group were discerned with high significance, so we predict that fluorescence analysis of urine could be a potential means of ovarian cancer screening.
关键词： fluorescence,cancer screening,urine,ovarian cancer
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Highly selective and sensitive detection of catecholamines using NaLuGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+ upconversion nanoparticles decorated with metal ions
摘要： We developed a novel optical sensor for sensitive and selective detection of catecholamines based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) decorated with different metal ions (UCNP-Men+). 1,2-ethanedithiol was chosen as a surface additive to synthesize the NaLuGdF4:Yb3+/Er3+ UCNPs by one-step at 200 °C. The as-prepared UCNPs exhibited a strong emission under the continuous excitation at 980 nm. It was found that catecholamines could be more effectively detected in the presence of UCNP-Fe3+, whereas, dopamine and epinephrine were detected selectively using UCNP-Li+ and UCNP-Cu2+ sensors, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detections (LODs) for catecholamines, dopamine, and epinephrine are 2.8, 2.5, and 2.4 nM, respectively, with good linearity in the range of 5–320 nM for total catecholamines and 5–30 nM for dopamine and epinephrine. The developed method has been successfully applied to detect dopamine and epinephrine in human urine samples with good accuracy and satisfactory recovery.
关键词： Upconversion nanoparticles,Human urine,Metal ion decorated,Catecholamines,1,2-ethanedithiol
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Blu-ray DVD as SERS substrate for reliable detection of albumin, creatinine and urea in urine
摘要： We report here the working of a simple reproducible surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate by efficiently guiding localized plasmon resonance (LSPR) field of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through trapping it in the nano channels of a blu-ray digital versatile disc (BRDVD). SERS based sensing of the designed substrate has been performed. The trapped AuNPs in the channel of the BRDVD generate guided mode resonance (GMR) field and the photon lifetime of the coupled em field in the channel increases which accounts for overall enhancement of the local field intensity. These two factors are primarily responsible for enhancement of the scattered Raman signal from the substrate. The proposed SERS substrate yields reasonably stable signal intensity over a period of 45 days. With the designed substrate Raman signal intensities of three clinically important chemicals namely albumin, creatinine and urea in urine have been measured and quantified reliably. The minimum concentration of albumin, creatinine and urea which can be measured by Raman spectrometer are 0.1 μg/mL, 0.2 μg/mL and 0.6 μg/mL respectively. These values are well below the normal range and thus meet the requirement of detection and analysis of these chemicals for different clinical purposes.
关键词： SERS,Nanochannel,LSPR,BRDVD,Guided mode resonance,Urine sample
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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An alternative, single-point method for creatinine determination in urine samples with optoelectronic detector. Critical comparison to Jaffé method
摘要： A rapid, single-point method for colorimetric creatinine determination has been developed as an alternative for a well-established Jaffé assay, which lacks analytical specificity. 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid was employed in an alkaline environment as a chromophore instead of picric acid. Apart from the spectrophotometer, a simple optoelectronic detector was applied as an alternative detection method. The conditions of the reaction were optimized to provide satisfactory analytical parameters. The linear ranges of the proposed assays were 40–4000 and 10–300 μmol L?1 of creatinine for conventional spectrophotometry and a PEDD detector, respectively. A broad spectrum of potential interferents was examined. The presence of compounds such as glucose, urea or uric acid was the source of a significantly smaller bias in the examined method than in the case of the Jaffé method variants. The presented method was validated with the use of 10 human urine samples with the creatinine level determined by the recommended method. Two-tail paired Student's t-tests with 9 degrees of freedom at the 95% confidence level showed the agreement between the proposed and the reference methods.
关键词： 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid,Urine,Creatinine,3D-printed,Jaffé
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Quality of extracellular vesicle images by transmission electron microscopy is operator and protocol dependent
摘要： Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has nanometre resolution and can be used to distinguish single extracellular vesicles (EVs) from non-EV particles. TEM images of EVs are a result of operator image selection. To which extent operator image selection reflects the overall sample quality, and to which extent the images are comparable and reproducible, is unclear. In a first attempt to improve the comparability and reproducibility of TEM to visualise EVs, we compared operator image selection to images taken at predefined locations from the same grids, using four EV TEM preparation protocols, a single EV-containing sample and a single TEM instrument. Operator image selection leads to high-quality images that are more similar between the protocols. In contrast, images taken at predefined locations reveal differences between the protocols, for example in number of EVs per image and background quality. From the evaluated protocols, for only one protocol the operator image selection is comparable to the TEM images taken at predefined locations. Taken together, operator image selection can be used to demonstrate the presence of EVs in a sample, but seem less suitable to demonstrate the quality of a sample. Because images taken at predefined locations reflect the overall quality of the EV-containing sample rather than the presence of EVs alone, this is a first step to improve the comparability and reproducibility of TEM for monitoring the quality of EV-containing samples.
关键词： urine,negative staining,transmission electron microscopy (TEM),Exosomes,extracellular vesicles (EVs),microvesicles
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fluorescence in situ hybridization in 1?mL of selective urine for the detection of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a feasibility study
摘要： Kidney-sparing surgery of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) requires a stringent follow-up with frequent ureteroscopies. Triage testing could reduce the number of follow-up ureteroscopies and hence minimize the invasiveness of follow-up. The use of urine-based markers for triage seems appealing but should be feasible with selective urine from outpatient cystoscopy to maximize the reduction of invasiveness. In this study, the feasibility of UroVysion? fluorescence in?situ hybridization (FISH) for the detection of UTUC in 1?mL of selective urine is investigated. Ten consecutive patients with biopsy-proven UTUC and five patients with negative diagnostic ureteroscopy findings were included in this case-control study. During ureteroscopy, 1?mL of selective urine was collected passively with a ureteral splint for Urovysion? FISH. The FISH rater was blinded to any clinical information. The results of FISH were compared to the findings of concomitantly collected selective urine cytology and the patients’ UTUC status. FISH was feasible in all samples with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 80% for UTUC. In comparison, selective cytology resulted in a diagnostic yield of 87% with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 67%. In conclusion,?UTUC detection is feasible with FISH in 1?mL of passively collected selective urine. Thus from a technical point of view, FISH could be used as an outpatient triage test to decide if follow-up ureteroscopy is necessary after kidney-sparing surgery of UTUC. Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of FISH for the suggested pathway deserves further attention.
关键词： Ureteroscopy,Urothelial carcinoma,Cystoscopy,Fluorescence in?situ hybridization,Urine cytology,Upper tract urothelial carcinoma
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Clinical data on rare Sulfamethoxazole crystalluria assessed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry
摘要： The data contained in this article are related to the article entitled “Case report: Uncommon Sulfamethoxazole Crystalluria” [1]. Sulfamethoxazole crystalluria is very rare and crystals identification is complex [2,3]. We identified seven patients with uncommon urine crystals that were composed of N-Acetyl-Sulfamethoxazole. Three of the patients developed an acute renal failure simultaneously to crystalluria. Hence, this article describes the method of crystals identification thanks to infrared spectroscopy. The relevant clinical data of patients, including medical history, drug dosage and urine parameters related to the crystalluria are presented.
关键词： drug: adverse effect,Sulfamethoxazole,urine microscopy,acute renal failure,infrared spectrophotometry,crystalluria
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A new spectrofluorimetric assay method for vandetanib in tablets, plasma and urine
摘要： Purpose: To develop a simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of vandetanib (VDB) in tablets (containing 100 mg of the drug) and biological fluids (spiked human plasma and urine). Methods: The proposed method is based on examining the intrinsic fluorescence intensity of VDB in acetonitrile at 480 nm after excitation at 330 nm. Factors affecting fluorescence intensity of the cited drug (VDB), including the influence of pH, diluting solvent and time, were studied and optimized by one factor at a time approach. A calibration curve was constructed by plotting VDB fluorescence intensity at 480 nm versus VDB concentrations in ng mL-1. The method was validated according to the recommendations of International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) for validation of the analytical procedures Results: The linearity range of the method was 20 – 600 ng mL-1, with limits of quantification (LOQ) and of detection (LOD) of 30.45 and 10.05 ng mL-1, respectively. The adopted method was applied successfully to the quantitation of VDB in pure powder form (100.90 ± 0.91 %), laboratory prepared tablets (97.86 ± 1.42 %), spiked human plasma (97.97 ± 2.36 %) and urine (97.59 ± 0.87 %). Comparison of the proposed method with that of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry showed that there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two methods in terms of accuracy and precision. Conclusion: The proposed method is simple and highly sensitive and, consequently, can be applied to assay VDB in biological samples as well as in dosage form.
关键词： Human plasma,Dosage forms,Validation,Human urine,Assay,Spectrofluorimetry,Vandetanib
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Stable Tb(III)-Based Metal–Organic Framework: Structure, Photoluminescence, and Chemical Sensing of 2-Thiazolidinethione-4-carboxylic Acid as a Biomarker of CS <sub/>2</sub>
摘要： A novel three-dimensional microporous framework, [Tb(pddb)phen(ox)0.5]n (Tb-MOF), was synthesized hydrothermally with V-shaped 4,4′-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)-dibenzoic acid (H2pddb), oxalate (ox), and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen). The framework of Tb-MOF features one-dimensional channels functionalized with pyridine-N Lewis base groups and the absence of coordinated and lattice water molecules in the structure. The Tb-MOF exhibits high thermostability (up to 385 °C) and chemical stability in a wide pH range (4?11) and common organic solvents as well as boiling water. The luminescence investigations of the Tb-MOF in common solvents, water with di?erent pH values, and inorganic ions were performed. Results show that the Tb-MOF has high luminescence stability and the ability to probe Fe3+ ions. Signi?cantly, the Tb-MOF with particularly high water stability can be ?rst developed as a highly selective and sensitive luminescent sensor for the biomarker 2-thiazolidinethione-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) via ?uorescence quenching. The low detection limit (1 ppm), reusability, and high antidisturbance together make the Tb-MOF become a promising sensor for the practical detection of TTCA in urine systems, and for the ?rst time realize the detection of urinary TTCA through ?uorescence spectrometry based on an Ln-MOF sensor.
关键词： CS2 biomarker,urine detection,TTCA,luminescent sensor,Tb-MOF
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57