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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Sensors - New Delhi (2018.10.28-2018.10.31)] 2018 IEEE SENSORS - Highly Sensitive Refractometer Using a Fiber Bragg Grating Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser
摘要: A highly localized fiber Bragg grating is inscribed using point-by-point femtosecond laser direct writing technique. By monitoring the location of the cut off wavelength, we demonstrate that the FBG has a highly-linear sensitivity for refractive index (RI) measurement. By monitoring the “peak-to- dip” intensity change near the cut-off wavelength, an ultra-high refractive index sensitivity of 2924.3dB/RIU and a RI resolution of 3.4×10-7 are achieved. As different surrounding refractive index corresponds to different location of the cut off wavelength, this FBG based refractometer can measure RI with wide range measurement range together with high sensitivity.
关键词: Femtosecond laser,Fiber Bragg grating,Refractive index sensors
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Narrow no-gain competition linewidth dual-wavelength laser at 912?nm and 1064 nm
摘要: A narrow linewidth, no-gain competition, 912 nm quasi-three level and 1064 nm four-level dual-wavelength laser is presented for the first time. This system consists of an intra-cavity pumped Nd:YVO4 laser emitting at 1064 nm, using a 912 nm Nd:GdVO4 laser. A Fabry-Perot etalon is used to compress the linewidth located at the common parts of the 912 nm and 1064 nm laser resonators. When the etalon, with an angle of refraction of 15°, was introduced into the cavity, the narrow linewidth dual-wavelength laser was obtained. The corresponding minimum linewidths were 0.284 nm and 0.627 nm.
关键词: intra-cavity pumped,dual-wavelength,narrow linewidth
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Temperature fiber sensor based on single longitudinal mode fiber laser in 2?μm band with Sagnac interferometer
摘要: A single longitudinal mode (SLM) ?ber laser with a ring cavity based on Sagnac interferometer (SI) for temperature sensing in the 2-μm band is proposed and demonstrated. The simulation and experimental results show that the transmission spectrum of the SI ?lter is sensitive to temperature change. Based on this distinguishing feature, the correlation between the laser wavelength drift and temperature variation can be established. Experimental results show that the proposed laser operates stably at the resonant wavelength of 1988.21 nm and the optical signal-to-noise ratio is approximately 55 dB at ambient temperature. Through continuous measurement for 100 min, the ?uctuation of the output laser power is lower than 0.74 dB, and the resonant wavelength shift is less than the minimum resolution of the spectrometer of 0.05 nm. This indicates that it has good stability for a certain period of time. At the same time, the laser operates stably in SLM state. A temperature sensitivity of 2.09 nm/°C is obtained in experiment. Notably, the proposed ?ber laser sensor possesses the merits including high sensitivity, low cost and simple structure, which are bene?cial to its practical application.
关键词: Fiber optics sensors,Temperature measurement,Sagnac interferometer,Fiber laser,2-μm band
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Demonstration of linewidth measurement based on phase noise analysis for a single frequency fiber laser in the 2 <i>μ</i> m band
摘要: Linewidth measurement based on phase noise analysis using a 3 × 3 coupler has been applied in the 1550 nm band. One of the obvious advantages of this method compared with the common delayed self-heterodyne method is the low loss caused by the short delay line used. Taking full advantage of this particular characteristic, the linewidth of the single frequency (SF) fiber laser in the 2 μm band can also be measured. However, a specifically experimental demonstration of this method in the 2 μm band is absent to date. In this paper, a high-performance SF thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) was proposed and employed for the demonstration. The TDFL operates at the center wavelength of 1942.03 nm with high stability. By means of the phase noise analysis-based linewidth measurement system with a fiber delay line of only 50 m, the linewidth of the proposed TDFL is successfully measured. When the measuring time is 0.001 s, the linewidth is ~47 kHz. Furthermore, the noise characteristics of the SF laser were simultaneously studied by this method.
关键词: 2 μm band,phase noise,single frequency fiber laser,linewidth measurement
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Dual-wavelength thulium/holmium-doped fiber laser generation in 2 <i>μ</i> m region with high side-mode suppression ratio
摘要: We demonstrate a dual-wavelength laser with emission in the 2 μm wavelength region using a thulium/holmium co-doped fiber and a non-adiabatic tapered fiber as a comb filter. The configuration employed a backward pumping scheme and dual-wavelength laser was generated at 2023.53 and 2032.82 nm. The side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) is more than 44 dB with overall good stability performance. The proposed configuration presents a simple yet practical scheme of generating 2 μm dual-wavelength laser with good SMSR. This investigation may offer a more efficient yet eye safe dual-wavelength related applications for end users.
关键词: comb filter,tapered fiber,side-mode suppression ratio,thulium/holmium-doped fiber laser,dual-wavelength laser
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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The effect of the TiO2 film on the performance of the optical fiber SPR sensor
摘要: We studied the effect of the Titanium Oxide (TiO2) film on the performance of the optical fiber SPR with two kinds of probes. The light guiding properties and sensing performance of the D-type optical fiber SPR sensor coated with TiO2 was studied numerically by finite element method (FEM) and the sensing performance of the multimode-single mode-multimode (MSM) hetero-core optical fiber SPR sensor coated with TiO2 was investigated experimentally. The simulation and experimental results for two kinds of probes consistently show that the absence of TiO2 film layer on the gold film can enhance the refractive index sensitivity and tune the resonance curve of the sensor from visible light to near-infrared.
关键词: Hetero-core structure,D-typed structure,Surface plasmon resonance,Finite element method,TiO2 film
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Fiber laser based on a fiber Bragg grating and its application in high-temperature sensing
摘要: A fiber laser based on an FBG fabricated by femtosecond laser and a Sagnac loop as cavity mirrors is demonstrated. The fiber laser can work stably as a temperature sensor at 1000 ℃ after the FBG was annealed at 1100 ℃. The wavelength of the fiber laser had a quadratic dependence on temperature from room temperature to 1000 ℃. The temperature–wavelength had a good linear relationship from 300 ℃ to 1000 ℃. Its sensing sensitivity was about 15.9 pm/℃.
关键词: Optical fiber lasers,Fiber Bragg gratings,High temperature sensors
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity of graphene/Si hybrid waveguide
摘要: In this work, we experimentally study the optical Kerr nonlinearities of graphene/Si hybrid waveguides with enhanced self-phase modulation. In the case of CMOS compatible materials for nonlinear optical signal processing, Si and silicon nitride waveguides have been extensively investigated over the past decade. However, Si waveguides exhibit strong two-photon absorption (TPA) at telecommunication wavelengths, which leads to a signi?cant reduction of the nonlinear ?gure-of-merit (FOM). In contrast, a silicon nitride based material system usually suppresses the TPA but simultaneously leads to the reduction of Kerr nonlinearity by one order of magnitude. Here, we introduce a graphene/Si hybrid waveguide, which maintains the optical properties and CMOS compatibility of Si waveguides, while enhancing the Kerr nonlinearity, by transferring over to the top of the waveguides. The graphene/Si waveguides are measured to have an enhanced nonlinear parameter of 510 W(cid:2)1 m(cid:2)1, compared with that of the Si waveguide of 150 W(cid:2)1 m(cid:2)1. An enhanced nonlinear FOM of 2.48 6 0.25 has been achieved, which is four times larger than that of the Si waveguide of 0.6 6 0.1. This work reveals the potential application of graphene/Si hybrid waveguides with high Kerr nonlinearity and FOM for nonlinear all-optical signal processing.
关键词: nonlinear all-optical signal processing,graphene/Si hybrid waveguide,optical Kerr nonlinearity,CMOS compatible,self-phase modulation
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Construction of 879?nm direct intra-cavity pumped dual-wavelength laser operating at 912?nm and 1064?nm
摘要: A dual-wavelength continuous-wave laser with direct intra-cavity pumping using a 879 nm laser diode that utilizes Nd:GdVO4 and Nd:YVO4 crystals, is presented. To the best of our knowledge, this system completely eliminates the gain competition between the 912 nm and 1064 nm transitions for the first time. A theoretical model is introduced to describe this intra-cavity pumped dual-wavelength laser. The lasing threshold of the 912 nm Nd:GdVO4 laser is presented by considering the ground-state reabsorption loss effect. A total output power of 1.33 W at dual-wavelength operation with an absorbed pump power of 7.91 W is experimentally achieved. The individual output power for the 912 nm and 1064 nm emissions were 0.43 W and 0.9 W, respectively. Both wavelengths operate in TEM00 mode with a total slope efficiency > 20%.
关键词: Lasers,Neodymium,Dual-wavelength,Solid-state,Intra-cavity pumped
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Fe <sub/>3</sub> O <sub/>4</sub> nanoparticles as the saturable absorber for a mode-locked fiber laser at 1558 nm
摘要: We demonstrated a mode-locked erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) operating at 1558 nm by exploiting ferroferric-oxide nanoparticles (FONPs) as the saturable absorber (SA) material. FONPs, with an average diameter of ~20 nm, were prepared by a thermal decomposition method, then mixed with sodium carboxymethylcelluose to form an FONP film. The FONP SA was fabricated through a sandwiched FONP film between two fiber connectors. By inserting the FONPs SA into an EDFL cavity pumped by a 980 nm laser diode, stable passive mode-locking was achieved with a threshold pump power of ~120 mW. The obtained mode-locked laser had a central wavelength of ~1558 nm, a spectral bandwidth of ~0.8 nm, a pulse width of ~4.35 ns, and a repetition rate of ~37.32 MHz. Furthermore, a maximum average power of ~17 mW was obtained for a pump power of 340 mW. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that it has been demonstrated that FONPs can be used for constructing mode-locked fiber lasers.
关键词: mode-locked,fibre laser,Fe3O4 nanoparticles,saturable absorber (SA)
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57