研究目的
To review published data on PBM penetration through the tissues of the head in both animal and human species and summarize the patterns of visible-to-NIR light penetration based on various study specifications.
研究成果
The effectiveness of brain PBM is closely dependent on the amount of light energy reaching the target neurons. Further quantitative estimation of light penetration depth should be performed to validate the current findings.
研究不足
The review highlights the variability in reported penetration values due to different PBM parameters and characteristics of the subject such as species, age, and gender. It also notes the challenge of applying animal model data to humans due to differences in light penetration.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The review summarizes findings from ex vivo, in vivo, and simulation studies on light penetration at different wavelengths through head tissues in various animal species and humans.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The review includes data from animal and cadaver models, as well as simulation studies, focusing on the visible-to-NIR range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The studies reviewed used lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with wavelengths ranging from the red-to-near-infrared (600 to 1200 nm).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The review summarizes the findings based on key specifications such as wavelengths, coherence, operation mode, beam type, beam size, irradiation region, species, age, and gender.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The review interprets the data from the studies to summarize the findings on light penetration and distribution.
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