研究目的
To develop a novel gold nanocarrier system for the targeted delivery of the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) to breast cancer cells using antibodies (EpCAM or TARP) conjugated to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects.
研究成果
The study successfully designed and characterised novel gold nanocarrier systems for the targeted delivery of PTX to breast cancer cells. The conjugates showed significant reduction in cell viability at high doses, indicating the potential of using antibody-conjugated AuNPs for targeted cancer therapy with reduced side effects.
研究不足
The study is limited to in vitro experiments using a specific breast cancer cell line (T47D). The effectiveness of the conjugates in vivo and their potential side effects were not investigated. Additionally, the exact amounts of antibody and PTX attached to the AuNPs were not quantified, which could affect the interpretation of the results.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved the synthesis of citrate-stabilised gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) followed by their functionalisation with carboxylic acid terminated alkanethiols using a two-step modification approach. The conjugates were then characterised using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR).
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
A human ductal breast epithelial tumour cell line (T47D) was used for in vitro cytotoxicity assays.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Gold (III) chloride trihydrate, paclitaxel, (±)-α-lipoic acid (LA), 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (16-MHDA), Tween? 20, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were used.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The AuNPs were synthesised, functionalised, and then conjugated with antibodies and PTX. The cytotoxicity of the conjugates was assessed using an MTT assay.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Statistical significance was determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level using SPSS program.
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Transmission Electron Microscope
FEI Tecnai G2 Spirit
FEI
Used for the characterisation of AuNPs and their conjugates.
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Particle analyser
Malvern HPPS
Malvern
Used for Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements.
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FTIR spectrometer
Perkin Elmer Spectrum 400
Perkin Elmer
Used to investigate the structural properties of the designed conjugate.
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Gold (III) chloride trihydrate
Sigma Aldrich
Used in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
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Paclitaxel
Sigma Aldrich
Anticancer agent conjugated to AuNPs for targeted drug delivery.
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(±)-α-lipoic acid (LA)
Sigma Aldrich
Used for the functionalisation of AuNPs.
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16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (16-MHDA)
Sigma Aldrich
Used for the functionalisation of AuNPs.
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Tween? 20
Sigma Aldrich
Surfactant used to stabilise AuNPs and prevent particle aggregation.
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N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)
Sigma Aldrich
Used in the conjugation of antibodies and PTX to AuNPs.
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N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)
Sigma Aldrich
Used in the conjugation of antibodies and PTX to AuNPs.
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Trisodium citrate dehydrate
Ajax Finechem Pty Ltd
Used in the synthesis of citrate-stabilised AuNPs.
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EpCAM / CD326 Monoclonal Antibody
Thermo Fisher Scientific
Targeting agent conjugated to AuNPs for specific delivery to cancer cells.
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Anti-Human TARP Purified
Ebioscience
Targeting agent conjugated to AuNPs for specific delivery to cancer cells.
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UV-vis spectrophotometer
Cary 50
EST
Used to observe the maxima absorbance bands for thiolated AuNPs.
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