1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study utilized the Hydro Micro Mechanical Activation (HMMA) method for producing Zn1-xMgxO microcrystals. This method involves milling a water suspension of ZnO + Mg(OH)2, drying it, and then heating it in air at temperatures between 900 and 1200 °C.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Precursors of 99.9% ZnO and 98% Mg(OH)2 were used. The desired mole fractions of the powder were activated in water by HMMA for 7 s, dried at 100 °C for 1 h, and then calcinated in a static furnace at temperatures from 700 to 1200 °C for 1 h in air.

3：9% ZnO and 98% Mg(OH)2 were used. The desired mole fractions of the powder were activated in water by HMMA for 7 s, dried at 100 °C for 1 h, and then calcinated in a static furnace at temperatures from 700 to 1200 °C for 1 h in air. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: PANalytical X’Pert PRO MPD X-ray diffractometer equipped with a copper anode tube (λ CuKα1 = 0.15406 nm) for structural characterizations.

4：15406 nm) for structural characterizations. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The structural properties were studied by XRD, and optical spectroscopy was used to validate the potentialities of these materials.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

The structural properties were analyzed through XRD data, and the optical properties were examined through Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy.