研究目的
To present first ground moving target indication (GMTI) results from the 2016 campaign with the FMCW airborne system MIRANDA-35 and quantify its performances, focusing on along-track interferometry (ATI) and exo-clutter processing (EXO) modes.
研究成果
The MIRANDA-35 system demonstrated reliable GMTI capabilities with overall detection rates of 60.4% for ATI and 97.8% for EXO, and false alarm rates of 21.4% and 12.3%, respectively. It effectively indicates medium- and large-sized targets but is less sensitive to small targets. Future work should leverage new data-sets with high-PRF and multiple channels to further enhance performance.
研究不足
The system has limitations in detecting small-sized moving targets with low radial velocities, as evidenced by lower detection rates for private cars and motorbikes in ATI mode (14.4%). False alarm rates are moderate (21.4% for ATI, 12.3% for EXO), partly due to secondary lobes from bright scatterers. The hybrid baseline in ATI requires additional processing steps for phase correction, which may introduce complexity.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved processing data from the MIRANDA-35 FMCW SAR system using ATI and EXO modes for GMTI. Sub-aperture processing was employed with specific integration times (0.6s for ATI, 0.15s for EXO), and FMCW time-domain back-projection (TDBP) processor was used for image focusing. For ATI, interferometric phase correction was applied to remove topography-induced contributions. For EXO, amplitude-based detection with spatial filtering was used.
2：6s for ATI, 15s for EXO), and FMCW time-domain back-projection (TDBP) processor was used for image focusing. For ATI, interferometric phase correction was applied to remove topography-induced contributions. For EXO, amplitude-based detection with spatial filtering was used.
Sample Selection and Data Sources:
2. Sample Selection and Data Sources: Data were collected from two highway stretches north of Koblenz, Germany, during the 2016 campaign. Validation data included on-board camera images taken every 2 seconds and ground video recordings of traffic flow.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
MIRANDA-35 airborne SAR sensor (developed by Fraunhofer FHR), operating at Ka-band with one transmitting and two receiving antennas. Specific parameters are listed in Table 1 (e.g., bandwidth, PRF, pulse duration).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Data acquisition with MIRANDA-35 in ATI and EXO modes, followed by sub-aperture processing, image focusing using TDBP, phase correction for ATI, amplitude filtering for EXO, and detection thresholding. Morphological filtering and border tracing were used for target indication.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Detection and false alarm rates were calculated by comparing SAR indications with ground truth from camera and video data. Statistical analysis was performed on sequences of sub-apertures (256 for ATI, 480 for EXO).
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