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Prediction models for different plaque morphology in non-significantly stenosed regions of saphenous vein grafts assessed with optical coherence tomography
摘要： Introduction: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a method of choice in treatment of diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD), although it has some limitations such as late saphenous vein graft (SVG) patency loss, which occurs in one fifth of all conduits at 5 years. Since atherosclerosis in SVG has diffuse characteristics, it appears that significantly and non-significantly stenosed lesions may have an equal impact on worse prognosis. Aim: To assess non-significant lesions of SVG by the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and investigate the clinical and laboratory findings with the potential impact on plaque composition. Material and methods: Twenty-nine patients with 43 non-significant lesions were enrolled in the study. All variables were assessed using uni- and multivariable logistic regression analysis with each plaque morphology as a dependent variable. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed. Results: Plaque rupture (PRT) was independently associated with age (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09–2.04, p = 0.015) and lower rates of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49–0.92, p = 0.016). Intimal tearing or rupture (ITR) was related to reduced GFR (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.38–0.72, p = 0.0004). Lipid-rich plaque (LRP) was associated with raised platelet count (PLT) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.16–1.96, p = 0.004) and increased frequency of smoking (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.12–1.89, p = 0.007). Conclusions: Atherosclerosis of SVG is not restricted to significantly stenosed lesions. Plaque composition is independently associated with different types of clinical and laboratory findings, mostly recognized as risk factors of CAD.
关键词： coronary artery disease,optical coherence tomography,saphenous vein graft coronary artery bypass grafting
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Visual Acuity at Presentation in the Second Eye versus First Eye in Patients with Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration
摘要： Purpose: To assess the difference in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at presentation between the first and second eye in patients with bilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: We reviewed the charts of all patients who had a clinical examination for neovascular AMD at the University Eye Clinic of Creteil in January 2013. We retrospectively analyzed demographic and clinical data for 264 patients. Results: In the fellow eye, choroidal neovascularization (CNV) developed in 75/264 patients (28.4%) with a time interval between the 2 events of 30.3 months (range 6-145). Data were available on 65 patients: 14/65 (21.5%) were asymptomatic, 24/65 (36.9%) had BCVA >20/40, whereas at the time of CNV diagnosis in the first eye, no patient was asymptomatic (p<0.0001), and 11/65 (16.9%) eyes had BCVA >20/40 (p<0.0001). The mean BCVA of the first affected eye was 0.68 (±0.41) logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) and the mean BCVA for the second eye was 0.36 (±0.29) logMAR (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The BCVA at the time of diagnosis of CNV was higher in the second eye than in the first affected eye. This was possibly due to several factors including systematic bilateral examination in follow-up of unilateral exudative AMD that allowed detection of 20% of cases.
关键词： Patient management,Optical coherence tomography,Visual acuity,Age-related macular degeneration
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Combined use of Doppler OCT and en Face OCT Functions for Discrimination of an Aneurysm in the Lamina Cribrosa from a Disc Hemorrhage
摘要： purpose: In addition to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements, the recently introduced AngioVue optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers corresponding layer-by-layer Doppler OCT and en face OCT functions, for simultaneous evaluation of perfusion and structure of the optic nerve head. We investigated the clinical usefulness of combined use of Doppler and en face Fourier-domain OCT functions of the AngioVue Fourier-domain OCT for discrimination of a disc hemorrhage and a disc hemorrhage–like atypical vessel structure located deep in the lamina cribrosa. Case report: We present our findings with AngioVue OCT on a disc hemorrhage and a spatially related retinal nerve fiber layer bundle defect in a glaucomatous eye (case 1). Both alterations were detected on en face OCT images without any Doppler OCT signal. We also report on an aneurysm suggestive for a disc hemorrhage on clinical examination and disc photography in a treated ocular hypertensive eye (case 2). The aneurysm was within the lamina cribrosa tissue at the border of the cup and the neuroretinal rim. This vascular structure produced strong Doppler signals but no structurally detectable signs on the en face OCT images. Conclusions: Combined evaluation of corresponding Doppler OCT and en face OCT images enables ophthalmologists to easily separate true disc hemorrhages from disc hemorrhage–like deep vascular structures. This is of clinical significance in preventing unnecessary intensification of pressure-lowering treatment in glaucoma.
关键词： Doppler optical coherence tomography,Aneurysm,AngioVue OCT,Optic disc hemorrhage,En face Fourier-domain OCT,Glaucoma progression
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effect of Refractive Status and Axial Length on Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness: An Analysis Using 3D OCT
摘要： Background: Accurate measurement of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) is now possible with the high resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT). Effect of refractive status of the eye on RNFL thickness may be relevant in the diagnosis of glaucoma and other optic nerve diseases. Aim: To assess the RNFL thickness and compare its correlation with refractive status and axial length of the eye. Material and Methods: Three hundred eyes of 150 patients were included in this study, who underwent RNFL analysis using TOPCON 3D OCT 2000. Analysis of variance has been used to find the significance of study parameters between the study groups. Results: The study showed that refractive status/axial length affected the peripapillary RNFL thickness significantly. Conclusion: The study suggests that the diagnostic accuracy of OCT may be improved by considering refractive status and axial length of the eye when RNFL is measured.
关键词： Optical coherence tomography,Refractive error
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Swept source optical coherence tomography analysis of choroidal thickness in macular telangiectasia type 2: a case-control study
摘要： Purpose There has been a recent interest in the association of macular telangiectasia (MacTel) type 2 with central serous choroidopathy and other pachychoroid disorders. This study was performed to assess the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in patients with MacTel type 2 and compare it with healthy controls using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Methods It was a retrospective case-control study performed at a tertiary eye care center. The cases constituted patients with MacTel type 2 detected over the last 2 years (April 2016 to March 2018). The controls were healthy adults with no posterior segment pathology. The patients were evaluated with color fundus photography, SS-OCT (Triton, Topcon Inc., Oakland, New Jersey, USA) and fundus fluorescein angiography. The cases were staged based on Gass and Blodi classification. SFCT was compared between the two groups. Results Sixty-five eyes of 33 patients with MacTel were included. The controls consisted of 61 eyes of 33 healthy age-matched (p = 0.81) and sex-matched (p = 0.31) adults. The mean SFCT in cases (353.0 ± 91.2 μm) was higher than controls (289.2 ± 69.0 μm), and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0001). The mean SFCT was different in various stages: 346.6 ± 86.3 μm (stage 2), 334.6 ± 90.2 μm (stage 3), 374.6 ± 94.0 μm (stage 4), and 294.8 ± 68.8 μm (stage 5), though this was not statistically significant (p = 0.28). Conclusions The choroid in MacTel type 2 patients was significantly thickened as compared to controls. SFCT may vary as the structural changes worsen over time.
关键词： Macular telangiectasia type 2,Swept source optical coherence tomography,Subfoveal choroidal thickness,Enhanced depth imaging
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Reproducibility and reliability of retinal and optic disc measurements obtained with swept-source optical coherence tomography in a healthy population
摘要： Purpose To analyze the reproducibility of macular and peripapillary thickness measurements, and optic nerve morphometric data obtained with Triton Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a healthy population. Study design Observational cross sectional study. Material and methods A total of 108 eyes underwent evaluation using the Triton Swept Source-OCT. A wide protocol was used and measurements in each eye were repeated three times. Morphometric data of the optic nerve head, full macular thickness, ganglion cell layer (GCL) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) were analyzed. For each parameter, the coefficient of variation (COV) and the intra-class (ICC) correlation values were calculated. Results Measurements were highly reproducible for all morphometric measurements of the optic disc, with a mean COV of 6.36%. Macular full thickness showed good COV and ICC coefficients, with a mean COV value of 1.00%. Macular GCL thickness showed a mean COV value of 3.06%, and ICC higher than 0.787. Peripapillary RNFL thickness showed good COV and ICC coefficients, with a mean COV value of 8.31% and ICC higher than 0.684. The inferotemporal sector showed the lowest ICC (0.685). Conclusions Triton OCT presents good reproducibility values in measurements corresponding to retinal parameters, with macular measurements showing the highest reproducibility rates. Peripapillary RNFL measurements should be evaluated with caution.
关键词： Reproducibility,Optical coherence tomography,Coefficient of variation,Swept source
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Haab striae: Optical coherence tomographic analysis
摘要： Purpose. — To study Haab striae in adults with primary congenital glaucoma and describe them by anterior segment optical coherence tomography, as well as analyze their evolution over the patient’s lifetime. Material and methods. — Three patients with primary congenital glaucoma were recruited, aged between 17 and 48 years old, with incidentally noted Haab striae on glaucoma consultation. They were studied by: slit lamp; anterior segment optical coherence tomography, Heidelberg Engineering Inc., Germany, (with anterior segment module) and Cirrus HD-OCT, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California, USA (with 3D reconstruction); and specular biomicroscopy. The results obtained were contrasted with other studies performed in children. Results. — Rounded excrescences protruding towards the anterior chamber were found, as well as dense, irregular tissue between them. In addition, endothelial abnormalities (polymegathism and polymorphism) were found. These findings fit the evolution of those obtained in pediatric studies and remain stable in adult life. Conclusions. — Through noninvasive methods such as optical coherence tomography and specular biomicroscopy, it is possible to make the diagnosis and follow up these patients. The findings suggest posterior corneal topographic changes; additional studies on this subject may be necessary.
关键词： Haab striae,Primary congenital glaucoma,Anterior segment optical coherence tomography,Corneal endothelium,Specular biomicroscopy
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Multimodal imaging based biomarkers predictive of early and late response to anti-VEGFs during the first year of treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
摘要： Purpose. — To evaluate baseline predictive markers of early and late anatomical response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Methods. — The records of the nAMD patients who underwent intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept treatment, received the 3 monthly loading doses, and completed a follow-up period of 12 months were included retrospectively. The anatomical treatment response at month 3 (early) and between month 3 and 12 (late) was classified as good, intermediate or poor. Baseline demographic, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography findings were compared among the three groups. Results. — One hundred and ten eyes (74.3%) showed good, 18 (12.2%) showed intermediate and 20 (13.5%) showed poor anatomical response at month 3, and 114 eyes (77.0%) showed good, 27 (18.2%) showed intermediate and 7 (4.7%) showed poor anatomical response between month 3 and month 12. Of the evaluated parameters, drug type (better in aflibercept), showed a statistically significant difference in regards to anatomical outcomes at both the early and late periods (P = 0.02 and P = 0.03). The greatest linear dimension of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and presence of peaked pigment epithelial detachment (PED) were important factors for early anatomical anti-VEGF treatment response. Conclusion. — Larger CNV and the presence of a peaked PED appeared to be associated with a good early response, and the drug type seemed to be associated with both early and late poor anatomical response of anti-VEGF treatment in nAMD patients. Aflibercept appears to be more effective than ranibizumab in regards to the percentage of patients with better anatomical response in both the early and late treatment periods.
关键词： Optical coherence tomography,Ranibizumab,Age-related macular degeneration,Aflibercept,Fluorescein angiography
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Evaluation of calculus imaging on root surfaces by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography
摘要： Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to display calculus on root surfaces. Material and Methods: Ten teeth with calculus on the root surface were embedded in resin, omitting the root surface. A region of interest (ROI) was marked by small drill holes coronally and apically of the calculus and imaged by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography ([SD OCT], Telesto SP5, centre wavelength 1310 nm) and light microscopy (LM). To evaluate the impact of different fluids on calculus visualisation, using OCT, root surfaces were covered by a layer of NaCl and blood and displayed by OCT. Subsequently, teeth were completely covered with resin and sectioned for histological evaluation. Within the ROI, lengths of root surface and calculus were measured by LM and OCT, and the ratio [%] was calculated. In addition, at three sites of each ROI, agreement of presence and length of calculus was evaluated. Both methods were compared using Pearson’s correlation. Results: Regarding the presence of calculus, agreement between LM and OCT was strong (κi = 0.783, p = 0.033), and measurements regarding the length of the calculus were strongly correlated (ri >0.906; pi <0.001). However, the values differed for dry (p = 0.023) and NaCl-covered root surfaces (p = 0.035). Conclusion: Calculus on the root surface can be displayed by SD-OCT, which therefore may be suited as imaging technology for subgingival calculus in periodontal pockets.
关键词： Optical coherence tomography Periodontitis Subgingival calculus Diagnosis SD-OCT
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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The role of optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of compressive optic neuropathies
摘要： Purpose of review Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging tool routinely used in ophthalmology that provides cross-sectional images of the retina. Compression of the anterior visual pathways results in progressive thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) and this review will highlight the utility of OCT in evaluating patients with this condition. Recent findings The RNFL and macular GCC have been found to highly correlate with visual function in patients with compressive optic neuropathies. Preoperative RNFL and macular GCC thickness have emerged as the most reliable and consistent prognostic factors for visual recovery after surgery. Patients with an otherwise normal neuroophthalmic examination, including automated perimetry, may have macular GCC or RNFL thinning as the only manifestation of compression, enabling compressive optic neuropathies to be diagnosed at an earlier stage and managed accordingly. Summary Recent findings indicate that OCT is an important tool in the evaluation of patients with compressive optic neuropathies, particularly for prognosis in patients with visual field defects and diagnosis in patients with preserved or mildly reduced visual function. Anatomical changes detected by OCT may precede visual loss and allow for earlier diagnosis and presumably better visual outcomes.
关键词： optic neuropathy,anterior visual pathways,pituitary adenoma,optical coherence tomography
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29