研究目的
Investigating the use of a 2D photonic crystal nanodisk array as an electron transport layer to enhance the efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
研究成果
The introduction of a TiO2 ETL with a 2D ND array structure significantly enhances light harvesting and charge transport in PSCs, leading to a maximum PCE of 18.7%. The ND array ETLs also exhibit low hysteresis and stable performance, making them suitable for flexible or planar-type PSCs.
研究不足
The study focuses on thin-film ETLs and may not directly apply to thicker ETLs or other types of solar cells. The fabrication process, while scalable, requires precise control over NSL and RIE parameters.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study employs nanosphere lithography (NSL) to fabricate TiO2 nanodisk (ND) arrays as electron transport layers (ETLs) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The NSL process uses self-assembled polymer spheres as physical masks for reactive-ion etching (RIE) to create ND arrays with controlled lattice constants.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
Samples include PSCs with ND array ETLs of various lattice constants (300, 500, and 800 nm) and a pristine flat TiO2 ETL for comparison. Data sources include UV-Vis transmission spectra, FDTD simulations, and photovoltaic performance measurements.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
Polystyrene spheres (300, 500, 800 nm in diameter),TiO2 paste,FTO substrate (TEC-8; Pilkington),Reactive-ion etching (RIE) system (PlasmaPro System100 Cobra),UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-2550, Shimadzu),Source meter (Keithley Instruments),Spectrofluorophotometer (RF-6000, Shimadzu),Potentiostat (Keithley Instruments),Inverted-type scanning confocal microscope (MicroTime-200, Picoquant, Germany)
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The process involves coating FTO substrates with TiO2, forming ND arrays via NSL and RIE, depositing perovskite and hole-transporting layers, and finally applying an Au electrode. Photovoltaic performance is evaluated through J-V measurements, EQE spectra, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Data analysis includes calculating forward scattering factors from FDTD simulations, integrating EQE spectra to determine Jsc, and fitting PL decay curves to obtain average lifetimes.
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UV-Vis spectrophotometer
UV-2550
Shimadzu
Used to record optical transmittances of samples.
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Spectrofluorophotometer
RF-6000
Shimadzu
Used to measure PL spectra.
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Inverted-type scanning confocal microscope
MicroTime-200
Picoquant
Used for time-resolved PL measurements.
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Polystyrene spheres
300, 500, 800 nm in diameter
Not provided
Used as physical masks for reactive-ion etching to create ND arrays.
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TiO2 paste
Not provided
Not provided
Used to form mesoporous TiO2 layers on FTO substrates.
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FTO substrate
TEC-8
Pilkington
Used as the transparent conducting electrode.
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Reactive-ion etching system
PlasmaPro System100 Cobra
Not provided
Used to etch TiO2 through the open spaces between polymer spheres.
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Source meter
Not provided
Keithley Instruments
Used to obtain J-V curves of PSCs.
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Potentiostat
Not provided
Keithley Instruments
Used to obtain electrochemical impedances.
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