研究目的
To understand how the chemical composition of perovskites, specifically the incorporation of Cs, affects their nanoscale voltage stability and ion motion, aiming to develop more stable perovskite solar cells.
研究成果
The incorporation of Cs, FA, and Br in perovskites leads to a fully reversible and stable nanoscale voltage response by restricting ion motion, whereas MAPbBr3 shows irreversible behavior with significant Voc variations. Cs-mixed perovskites exhibit superior stability and uniformity, making them promising for stable solar cell applications. Future work should explore other environmental factors and material combinations.
研究不足
The experiments are conducted under low humidity conditions (<8%), which may not fully represent real-world environments. The study focuses on specific perovskite compositions and device architectures, and the spatial resolution of KPFM is limited to <50 nm. Long-term stability beyond four weeks is not assessed.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) under 1-sun illumination to map nanoscale open-circuit voltage (Voc) with high spatial resolution. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS) is employed for chemical composition analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Three perovskite thin-films are investigated: MAPbI3, MAPbBr3, and Cs-mixed (Cs
3：06(MA17FA83)94Pb(I83Br17)3). Half-devices are fabricated with PTAA/perovskite/TiO2/FTO/glass structure. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Atomic force microscope (AFM) with conductive Pt-coated Si probe, 532 nm laser for illumination, ToF-SIMS system with Ga+ ion beam, solar simulator (ABET Technologies Model 11016 Sun 2000), Metrohm PGSTAT302N Autolab for J-V measurements. Materials include fluorine-doped tin oxide glass, titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate), TiO2 paste (30 NR-D, Dyesol), perovskite precursors (MAI, MABr, FAI, PbI2, PbBr2, CsI), PTAA, Li-TFSI, TBP, chlorobenzene, DMF, DMSO.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Perovskite films are spin-coated and annealed. KPFM measurements are performed under controlled humidity (<8%) with illumination cycling (dark, light, dark). ToF-SIMS depth profiles and maps are acquired. Macroscopic J-V curves and efficiency vs. time are measured.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
KPFM data is analyzed for voltage variations and histograms. ToF-SIMS data is used to confirm elemental distribution. Statistical analysis of performance parameters is conducted.
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